LUBRICATION THE APPLICATION OF THE LUBRICANT The method of applying a lubricant to a bearing is quite important. Covering general conditions, the following may be used for guidance: Use the spindle type of cup (using only a low melting point tallow compound such as Albany Grease) on all plain bearings. Use the compression cup where there are bends or curves in the oil holes or feed, and under the same conditions use a mechanical compression cup where a constant pressure is required on the lubricant. Avoid at all times packing the lubricant in uncovered oil holes or boxes. ALBANY GREASE is made in seven different consistencies, giving a wide range of melting points, which will meet extremes in operating conditions. Bearing temperature can be regulated with precision and kept under perfect control at all times. We'll be glad to send a quantity of different consistencies of Albany Grease and an Albany Cup for you to make tests Write us today. YORK MANUFACTURING COMPANY [Ice-Making and Refrigerating Machinery Exclusively] YORK, PENNSYLVANIA Branches in all principal cities IN COMMUNICATING WITH PATRONS KINDLY MENTION THIS MAGAZINE LABOR'S ECONOMIC PLATFORM Following is the Economic Platform adopted by the American Federation of Labor: 1. The abolition of all forms of involuntary servitude except as punishment for crime. 2. Free schools, free text books and compulsory education. 3. Unrelenting protest against the issuance and abuse of injunction process in labor disputes. 4. 5. A work day of not more than eight hours in the twenty-four hour day. A strict recognition of not over eight hours per day on all Federal, State or municipal work, and not less than the prevailing per diem wage rate of the class of employment in the vicinity where the work is performed. 6. Release from employment one day in seven. 7. The abolition of the contract system on public work. 8. The municipal ownership of public utilities. 9. The abolition of the sweat-shop system. 10. Sanitary inspection of factory, workshop, mine and home. 11. Liability of employers for injury to body or loss of life. 12. The nationalization of telegraph and telephone. 13. The passage of anti-child labor laws in States where they do not exist and rigid defense of them where they have been enacted into law. 14. Woman suffrage co-equal with man suffrage. 15. Suitable and plentiful playgrounds for children in all cities. 16. The Initiative and referendum and the Imperative mandate and Right of Recall. 17. Continued agitation for the public bath system in all cities. 18. Qualifications in permits to build of all cities and towns, that there shall be bathrooms and bathroom attachments in all houses or compartments used for habitation. 19. We favor a system of finance whereby money shall be issued exclusively by the Government, with such regulations and restrictions as will protect it from manipulation by the banking interests for their own private gain. 20. We favor a system of United States Government Postal Savings Banks. By Samuel B. Flagg, George C. Cook and Forrest E. Woodman of Bureau of A LTHOUGH most of the large steam power plants today have mechanical stokers, yet the total number of hand-fired furnaces still exceeds by far those in which such stokers are used. This statement is true not only as regards commercial plants but as regards plants operated by the federal government. For many years it was the practice in this country to set practically all hand-fired boilers, both water-tube and fire-tube, according to certain standard. designs without regard to the character of the fuel to be used. Most of these standard settings were developed in the eastern states, where the fuel used was, as a rule, either a small size of anthracite or a bituminous coal containing relatively little volatile matter. The adoption of such furnace designs for plants where the more gaseous coals were to be used resulted not only in large losses from incomplete combustion, but also in the production of much dense smoke. With the increased opposition to smoke came a greater demand for its elimination. This demand was directed first at the larger plants, and because. of the greater possibilities of reducing operating expenses and the greater assurance of smoke prevention by the use of mechanical stokers, these plants generally abandoned hand firing. Various devices were also developed and sold for hand-fired boilers, but most of them took little or no account of furnace design. Within the last few years, however, the demand for the reduction of smoke emission from hand-stoked furnaces has become more insistent and much more attention has been given to the design of hand-fired furnaces, including those for small plants. The tests reported in this paper were undertaken for the purpose of determining the effect on furnace efficiency and on smoke emission, of certain features of furnace design and of different methods of operation. The results of the tests show that it is possible to develop furnaces that will, if properly handled, meet the requirements of city smoke enactments. With the proof of this possibility will come further improvement in all hand-fired boiler furnaces. GENERAL CONDITION OF TESTS The furnace used in the tests was connected with a small horizontal return tubular boiler having rather large fire tubes. Six series of tests were made. In the first series there was an arch over the grate and the bridge wall; in the second series a deflecting baffle was added back of this arch; in the third series there was no arch directly over the grate, but the part over the bridge wall and the deflecting baffle were retained; in the fourth and fifth series of tests there were mixing wing walls and heat-retaining masses in the combustion space back of the bridge |
