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PUBLIC LIBRARY

827454

ASTOR, LENOX AND

TILDEN F

R

FISH'S

NEWARITHMETICAL SERIES.

IN TWO BOOKS.

Thoroughly inductive in methods, and presenting many new features
not common to other similar works.

I. ARITHMETIC, NUMBER ONE.

ORAL AND WRITTEN.

164 pages.

II. ARITHMETIC, NUMBER TWO.

ORAL AND WRITTEN.

352 pages.

KEY TO ARITHMETIC, NUMBER TWO.

For Teachers.

COPYRIGHT, 1883, BY DANIEL W. FISH.

NO. 2.

Printed by

William Tvison

New York, U. S. EL,

PREFACE.

IN the preparation of this work, the aim of the author has

been to furnish a brief and comprehensive text-book, in which no more of theory shall be introduced than is necessary for the illustration of such principles and processes of arithmetic as are needed in the common business of everyday life.

The work is thoroughly inductive in its methods. The principles and processes of computation are developed by inductive questions and exercises; the order of arrangement and gradation of the topics and applications is logical and progressive, hence, practical; the definitions and rules are clear and concise; the applications, both oral and written, are numerous and varied, familiarizing the pupil with ordinary business transactions.

The drill and oral exercises presented in the fundamental rules are peculiarly adapted to secure rapidity and accuracy in the use of numbers, and to pupils who have not been thoroughly drilled in similar exercises, either orally or in any first book, these are of the first importance, and are a sufficient preparation for the written work that follows in each topic. Hence, pupils who have received only oral instruction in the , lower primary grades, may take up this book without first using a more elementary work.

Those who are already familiar with such exercises should not pass over them without a thorough review of the same, the written work of each topic being quite as full, both of abstract and of applied examples, as any other similar book.

Many new features have been introduced, which will be

acknowledged improvements. Some new methods and illustrations, favorable to clearness and brevity, will be noticed; rules have been reduced to the minimum number; a single rule, each, is given for Multiplication, and for Division of Fractions; only two, for all cases of Reduction of Denominate Numbers, whether integral or fractional; formulas are substituted for rules, whenever they clearly indicate the steps to be taken in the solution of examples; and when the principles, explanations, and processes make the rule obvious, it is omitted, and the pupil left to construct one in his own language.

Cancellation is made very prominent, especially in Fractions, Interest, and Proportion. Its application in working Interest, Partial Payments, and Proportion presents some new, valuable, and practical features.

Such topics, rules, and applications as are of minor importance to the majority of Grammar School pupils, who are qualifying themselves for the ordinary business of life, have been placed in an "Addenda,” and may be taken up in their proper connection with kindred matter in the body of the book, or at its close, or omitted entirely, and thus the course completed independent of them, at the option of the pupil or teacher.

The endeavor of the author has been to present a clear, systematic, and comprehensive text-book, sufficiently full for the student and ordinary business man, introducing the latest improvements, discarding obsolete terms, repetitions and needless theories, and so in quantity and quality of matter to economize time, labor, and money, and at the same time give unity, system, and practical utility to the science and art of computation. How nearly this end has been attained can be determined by the only true test of a text-book-its use in the class-room by the intelligent and experienced teacher.

BROOKLYN, July, 1883.

D. W. F.

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