Hence, 118567 farthings are equal to £123 10s. 1d.

3 far.

3. Reduce £75 to shillings.

4. Reduce 19s. 6d. to pence.

X 5. Reduce 15s. 3d. 2 far. to farthings.

Ans. 1500s.

Ans. 234d.

Ans. 734 far. 6. In 48926 grains, Troy Weight, how many pounds, ounces, pennyweights, and grains?

Ans. 8lb. 5oz. 18pwt. 14gr. 7. In 3605 pennyweights, how many pounds, ounces, and pennyweights? Ans. 15lb. Ooz. 5pwt. 8. In 1000 ounces, Troy Weight, how many pounds and ounces?

X9. In 4lb. 6oz. 13pwt. 5gr. how many grains?

Ans. 83lb. 4oz.

Ans. 26237gr.

Ans. 425 3.

10. In 100lb. 1 gr. how many grains?

12. In 1000 grains, Apothecaries' Weight, how many

ounces, drams, scruples, and grains?

Ans. 2 03 29.

13. In 11521 grains, Apothecaries' Weight, how many pounds? Ans. 203 03 03 1gr. 14. In 873450 drams, Avoirdupois Weight, how many tons? Ans. 1T. 10cwt. 1qm. 23lb. 14oz. 10dr. 15. Reduce 5cwt. 21lb. 4oz. to ounces.

16. Reduce 1T. 1cwt. 1dr. to drams.

17. Reduce 856702 drams to tons.

Ans. 9300 ounces.

Ans. 602113 drams.

Ans. 1T. 9cwt. 3qr. 14lb. 7oz. 14dr.

18. In 4355 inches, how many yards?

19. In 248 miles, how many

Ans. 120yds. 2ft. 11in.

inches?

Ans. 15713280 inches.

20. How many inches in 360 degrees of 691 miles to each degree, which is the circumference of the earth, nearly? Ans. 1577664000. 21. In 12121212 barleycorns, how many miles?

Ans. 63mi. 6fur. 6rd. Oyd. 1. 4in. 22. Reduce 12 Ells French to nails. Ans. 288 nails. 23. Reduce 11 Ells English, 3 quarters, to quarters.

Ans. 58 quarters. 24. Reduce 10 Ells Flemish, 3 quarters, 1 nail, to nails.

25. Reduce 4 yards to quarters.
26. In 1000 nails, how many yards?

Ans. 133 nails. Ans. 16 quarters.

Ans. 62yds. 2qr.

27. How many inches in 6 yards, 3 quarters?

Ans. 243 inches.

28. "How many square inches in 10 square feet?

Ans. 1440 square inches.

29. In 3 square miles, how many square rods?

30. In 3 acres, 27 rods,

how

Ans. 307200P.

many square feet?
Ans. 138030 square feet.

31. In 26025 square feet, how many square roods?

Ans. 2R. 15P. 1614 sq. ft.

32. In 70000 square links, how many square chains?

Ans. 7 square chains.

33. How many square links in 5 acres?

Ans. 500000 square links. 34. In 17 cords of wood, how many cubic feet?

Ans. 2176. 35. In 17 tons of round timber, how many cubic inches? Ans. 1175040. 36. Reduce 17900345 cubic inches to tons of hewn timber. Ans. 207 Tons, 8 cubic feet, 1721 cubic inches. 37. In 1000 cord feet of wood, how many cords?

38. In 19 cubic feet, how many cubic inches?

Ans. 125.

Ans. 32832.

39. In 16 hogsheads of wine, how many gills?

Ans. 32256.

40. In 10000 gills of wine, how many barrels ? Ans. 9 barrels 29 gallons. 41. Reduce 2 pipes, 7 barrels, 3 quarts of wine, to pints. Ans. 3786. 42. Reduce 31752 gills of wine to barrels. Ans. 31 barrels 15 gallons 3 quarts. 43. Reduce 201600 gills to tuns of wine.

44. Reduce 11 hogsheads of beer to pints.

Ans. 25 tuns.

Ans. 4752.

45. In 100000 pints of beer, how many hogsheads? Ans. 231 hogsheads 26 gallons. 46. In 10 hogsheads 1 quart 1 pint of beer, how many pints?

Ans. 4323.

Ans. 2304.

47. In 36 bushels, how many pints?
48. In 25 chaldrons 29 bushels, how many quarts?

52. In 19 years of 3651 days each, how many hours?

H

Ans. 166554

53. In 25 years 6 days, how many seconds?

Ans. 789458400sec. 54. How many days from the birth of Christ to Christmas, 1843, allowing the years to consist of 365 days 6 hours? Ans. 673155 days 18 hours.

55. A person was born May 3, 1795. How many days old was he May 3, 1821, paying particular attention to the order of leap year? Ans. 9496 days.

56. Suppose a person was born Feb. 29, 1796; how many birthdays will he have seen on Feb. 29, 1844, not counting the day on which he was born?

57. In 3 signs 18 degrees, how many seconds?

Ans. 11..

Ans. 388800".

58. In 6 signs 9 degrees, how many degrees?

59. In 1000' how many degrees?
60. In 10000 how many degrees?
61. Reduce 45° 45′ 35′′ to seconds.
62. In 1000 things, how many dozen?

Ans. 1890. Ans. 160 40'. Ans. 2° 46′ 40′′. Ans. 164735".

Ans. 83 dozen and 4 over.
Ans. 76.

63. How many buttons in 61 dozen? 64. In 80000 tacks, how many gross?

Ans. 555 gross 6 dozen and 8. 65. In three score and ten years, how many years?

66. In 15 quires of paper, how many sheets?

Ans. 70.

Ans. 360.

67. In a ream of paper, how many sheets? Ans. 480

ADDITION OF DENOMINATE NUMBERS.

64. If we wish to find the sum of £6 5s. 3d. 1 far., £7 1s. 10d. 2 far., £1 13s. 5d., £4 18s. Od. 2 far., we proceed as follows:

OPERATION.

£

s. d. far.

6

5 3 1

1 10 2

5 0

7

1 13

4 18 0 2

£19 18s. 7d. 1 far.

Placing the quantities directly under each other, we add up the column of farthings, which we find to be 5. But we know that 5 farthings are equivalent to 1 penny and 1 farthing, we therefore write down the 1 farthing, and carry the penny into the next column, whose sum thus becomes 19 pence, which is the same as 1 shilling and 7 pence; we write down the 7 pence, and carry the shilling to the column of shillings, its sum then becomes 38 shillings, which is the same as I pound and 18 shillings; we write down the 18 shillings, and carry the pound into the next column of pounds, its sum then becomes 19 pounds; and since pounds is the highest denomination, we write down the whole.

From this example it will not be difficult to deduce this general

RULE.

I. Place the numbers so that those of the same denomination may stand directly under each other, and draw a line beneath them.

II. Add up the numbers in the lowest denomination, and find by reduction, how many units of the next higher denomination are contained in this sum; set down the remainder under its proper column, and carry those units to the next denomination, which add up as before.

III. Proceed thus through all the denominations to the highest, which last sum must be set down entire.

How do you place denominate numbers which are to be added? Which do you first add? Having added the column of lowest denominations, explain the subsequent work.