A Textbook of physiologyLea, 1905 - 795 pages |
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Common terms and phrases
absorbed absorption action activity acute albumin alcohol alimentary alkaline amount anæmia animal arterioles artery bile blood pressure body canal capillary carbohydrates carbon cardiac cause cavity cells cent centre changes chemical chronic circulation CO₂ coagulation contraction decreased dextrose digestion dilatation disease efferent nerve energy enzyme epithelium excretion factors fatty acids ferment fibres fibrin fluid function gastric juice glands H₂O hæmoglobin heart hyperchlorhydria increased influence irritation katabolism larynx lesions leukocytes leukocytosis liquid liver lungs lymph lymphatic mercury metabolism molecule mucosa mucous membrane muscle muscular nerve nitrogen normal nutrition occur organism oxygen pancreatic juice pathologic peptones peristalsis pharynx Physiology piezometer plasma proteins protoplasm pyloric quantity red blood corpuscles respiration respiratory result salivary salts secretion solution starch stimulation stomach substances symptoms systole temperature thoracic thyroid tissue tube urea uric acid urine valves variations varies vasoconstrictor veins velocity venous ventricle ventricular vessels vomiting wall wave
Popular passages
Page 39 - For these and many other reasons . . . the nucleus is generally regarded as a controlling centre of cell-activity, and hence a primary factor in growth, development, and the transmission of specific qualities from cell to cell, and so from one generation to another.
Page 55 - The remarkable fact has now been established with high probability that every species of plant or animal has a fixed and characteristic number of chromosomes, which regularly recurs in the division of all of its cells, and in all forms arising by sexual reproduction the number is even...
Page 713 - Whoever calmly considers the question, cannot long resist the conviction that different parts of the cerebrum must, in some way or other, subserve different kinds of mental action.
Page 47 - Life is the continuous adjustment of internal relations to external relations." The same idea may be stated in slightly different terms: Life in an organism, is a correlation of energies, manifested by a continuous adjustment of its internal activities to its environment.
Page 475 - The large calorie, or the amount of heat required to raise 1 kilogram of water 1° C. (1 pound of water 4° F.), is the standard measurement of heat energy.
Page 351 - It is a rule, almost without exception, that the acidity of the juice is closely dependent upon the rate of secretion; the more rapid the latter, the more acid the juice, and vice versa
Page 39 - ... without perceptible impairment. Such a mass of protoplasm is, however, devoid of the powers of assimilation, growth, and repair, and sooner or later dies. In other words, those functions that involve destructive metabolism may continue for a time in the absence of the nucleus ; those that...
Page 359 - The stomach consists of two physiologically distinct parts: the pyloric part and the fundus. Over the pyloric part, while food is present, constriction-waves are seen continually coursing towards the pylorus ; the fundus is an active reservoir for the food and squeezes out its contents gradually into the pyloric part.
Page 185 - ... cerebrospinal ganglia. In the case of the heart, the ganglion cells are the cells belonging to the small-fibred efferent cardiac fibres of the vagus, just as some of the cells in the ganglion stellatum and in the inferior cervical ganglion are the cells belonging to the small-fibred efferent cardiac fibres of the augmentor nerve. There is no more reason to assign special functions to these cells than to any of the other peripheral efferent nerve -cells. They are cells connected only with the...
Page 310 - Guided by all these facts, I have been gradually led to look upon fermentation as a necessary consequence of the manifestation of life, when that life takes place without the direct combustion due to free oxygen.