ture $41502000; Manufactures $2578000; Uncertain $630000: What was the whole amount?

Ans. $51592000.

25. The exports from the U. States, of the produce of the sea, in the year ending Sept. 30th, 1819, were as follows, viz. dried fish $1052000; pickled $409000; whale oil and bone $431000; spermaceti oil and candles $132000: What was the total amount?

Ans. $2024000.

26. The exports of the produce of the Forest as above, were as follows, viz. skins and furs $481000; ginseng $30000; lumber, staves, spars, shingles, hoops, poles, hewn timber, &c. $2406000; oak bark, and other dyes $146000; naval stores $376000; ashes, pot and pearl $1419000: What was the total amount?

Ans. $4858000.

27. The exports of the produce of Agriculture as above, were as follows, viz. beef, tallow, hides, live cattle $598000; butter and cheese $297000; pork, bacon, lard, and live hogs $1009000; horses and mules $100000 ; sheep $21000; wheat, flour, and bread $6415000; Indian-corn and meal $1424000; rye and meal $296000; rice $2143000; oats, pulse, potatoes, &c. $195000; tobacco $7687000; cotton $21082000; flax-seed $171000; hops $20000; wax $37000; poultry, maple sugar, &c. $7000: What was the total amount? Ans. $41502000.

28. The exports of the produce of Manufactures as above, were as follows, viz. tallow candles and soap $469000; boots, shoes, and sadlery $122000; hats $16000; grain spirits, beer, and starch $95000; furniture, coaches, and other carriages $325000; cordage $40000; iron $54000; snuff, wax candles, tobacco, lead, &c. $503000; spirits from molasses $153000; refined sugar $11000; chocolate $5000; gunpowder $110000; brass and copper $13000; medicinal drugs $32000; uncertain manufactured articles $301000; raw materials $329000: What was the total amount?

Ans. $2578000.

29. The demands on the Treasury of the State of Connecticut for the year ending March 31st, 1821, were estimated as follows, viz. 1st. Ordinary expenses of government. Salaries $9600; debentures of General As

sembly, &c. $17400; contingent expenses $6300; judicial de. $12440; support of State paupers $8000; NewGate Prison $8000; Quarter-Master-General Department $680: 2d Allowance of $2 on $1000 te schools, on list of 1819 $8200: 3d. Appropriations due to the Baptist denomination $7687: 4th. Allowance due to schools on list of 1818 $960: What was the amount of the demands? Ans. $79267.

30. The estimates of the government expenses of the U. States for the year 1820, were as follows, viz. civil department $1099832,29; submissions for do. $18100; miscellaneous $971482,88; intercourse with foreign nations $333277,76;

Military establishment, viz. expenses of the army $3380614,96; permanent objects $3003971,04; military pensions $426845,03; revolutionary do. $3066400; half-pay pensions to widows and orphans $100000; naval establishment Indian department $315000; $2474507,50; marine corps $227521,26: What was the whole amount? Ans. $15417552,72.

31. In 1820, the extent of the whale-fishery of NewBedford, Nantucket, and Martha's Vineyard, (three ports of Mass.) was as follows: There were round Cape Horn, or on their passages, 18 ships and 1 brig, (tonnage 5847) and whose outfits cost $465000, return cargoes estimated at $890000; from the Vineyard, there were two ships, 'cost $50000, their return cargoes would probably amount to $93000; from Nantucket 50 ships, which probably cost $1350000, their return cargoes would probably amount to $2342000; from New-Bedford, on this side Cape Horn, there were 11 ships and 8 brigs, which probably cost $277000, their return cargoes probably would amount to $363000; from Nantucket, 10 ships, which probably cost $140000, their return cargoes would probably amount to $227000: What was the total amount of the cost and cargoes? Ans. $6197000.

DECIMAL FRACTIONS.

Q. What are Decimal Fractions ?

A. Decimal Fractions are expressions of parts of an integer; or, are in value something less than one of any thing, which is signified by them.

Q. What are the Terms in Decimal Fractions; what do they show ?

and

A. The Terms in Decimal Fractions are Numerator and Denominator The Numerator is the upper number, and shows how many of those parts are signified by the fraction. The Denominator is the lower number, and shows into how many parts an integer is divided.

Q. What is a decimal fraction?

A. A decimal fraction is that whose denominator is an unit, with one or more cyphers annexed, thus, o, To,

Q. How is the integer divided?

A. The integer, or number one, as 1 pound, 1 dollar, &c. is always divided either into 10, 100, 1000, &c. equal parts; consequently the denominator of the fraction will always be, either 10, 100, 1000, &c. which being understood, need not be expressed; for the true value of the fraction may be expressed by writing the numerator only, with the separatrix placed before it; thus, is written,5; 75 is,75; 954 is,954 ; &c.

10

Q. When the numerator has not so many places as the denominator has cyphers, how do you proceed?

A. Put so many cyphers at the left hand, as will make up the deficiency; thus, T is written,05; and To is ,009; &c.

Q. When integers and decimals are expressed together in the same sum, what is that sum called, and how is it expressed?

A. A mixed number; and is expressed thus, 75,25. The 75 are integers, and the 25 are decimals, which last are counted from the left towards the right hand; and each decimal figure takes its value by its distance from the unit's place: if it be in the first place after units, it signifies tenths; if in the second place, it signifies hundredths, &c. decreasing in each place in a tenfold proportion, as in the following Table.

4

Q. Do cyphers, placed at the right hand of decimals, alter their value?

A. Cyphers placed at the right hand of decimals do not alter their value, since every significant figure continues to possess the same place; thus,5,50,500, &c. are all of the same value, and equal to .

Q. Do cyphers, placed at the left hand of decimals, alter their value?

A. Cyphers placed at the left hand of decimals decrease their value in a tenfold proportion, by removing them further from the separatrix; thus,5,05,005, &c. are five tenth parts, five hundredth parts, five thousandth parts, &c.

Illustration. signifies 5 tenth parts.

5 hundredth parts. 25 hundredth parts. 255 thousandth parts.

5 and 5 tenths.

5 and 5 thousandths.

,5

,05

,25

,255

5,5

$,005

,0001

,122

,1222

1222 ten thousandths.

1 ten thousandth.

122 thousandths.

DECIMAL TABLE.

,4

,5

,6

,7

,8

,9

123456789

,2

,02

,3

,002

,1 tenth. ,01 hundredth. ,001 thousandth. ,11 hundredths.

,12

,04

,13

,004

,05

,14

,005

,06

,15

,006

,07

,16

,007

17

,011 thous'dths.|,21 hundredths. ,021 thous'dths. ,101 thous.

NOTE.-The above Table shows how a Decimal may either be increased or diminished and the Table enlarged at pleasure.

ADDITION OF DECIMALS.

RULE.

Q. What is the method of placing the numbers to be added ?

A. Place them, whether mixed or pure decimals, under each other, according to the value of their places. Q. How do you find their amount; and how do you point off the places for decimals?

A. The amount is found as in whole numbers; and so many places must be pointed off for decimals, as are equal to the greatest number of decimal places in any of the given numbers.

EXAMPLES.

NOTE.-The method of proceeding in Addition of Decimals illus.

trated.

1. What is the amount of 65,725 dolls., 945,05 dolls.,