Lectures on Chemistry: Including Its Applications in the Arts, and the Analysis of Organic and Inorganic Compounds |
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affinity alcohol alkali ammonia apparatus atmospheric air atoms azote barytes becomes bodies boiling burning carbonate of potash carbonic acid charcoal chemical Chemistry Chemists chloric acid chlorine coal cold colour combination combustion composition compound condensed contains crucible cubic inches decomposed decomposition dilute dissolved distilled elements equivalent evaporation experiment exposed fermentation flame fluid formed gases glass grains heat hydrochloric acid hydrogen hydrogen gas ignited insoluble iron Lecture Liebig lime liquid magnesia manganese matter mercury metal mixed mixture muriatic acid nitrate nitric acid nitrogen nitrous obtained organic oxalic oxalic acid oxide oxide of copper oxygen oxygen gas peroxide phosphoric acid phosphorus plants platinum portion potassium precipitate produced properties proportion protoxide pure quantity salt silicic silver soda soluble solution specific gravity starch steam substance sugar sulphate sulphuretted hydrogen sulphuric acid surface temperature tion tube vapour vegetable vessel volume weight wire zinc
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Page 20 - It purifies it by distillation, when it raises it in vapours, and lets it fall in rain; and farther still by filtration, when, keeping it fluid, it suffers that rain to percolate the earth. We knew before that putrid animal substances were converted into sweet vegetables, when mixed with the earth, and applied as manure; and now, it seems, that the same...
Page 204 - ... that whenever two volumes of air of different temperatures, are mixed together, each being previously saturated with vapour, a precipitation of a portion of vapour must ensue, in consequence of the mean temperature not being' able to support the mean quantity of vapour. This...
Page 343 - ... and at last I arrived at the conclusion that a metallic tissue, however thin and fine, of which the apertures filled more space than the cooling surface, so as to be permeable to air and light, offered a perfect barrier to explosion, from the force being divided between, and the heat communicated to an immense number of surfaces.
Page 14 - I do not here consider. What I call attraction may be performed by impulse, or by some other means unknown to me. I use that Word here to signify only in general any Force by which Bodies tend towards one another, whatsoever be the Cause.
Page 343 - In exploding a mixture of 1 part of gas from the distillation of coal, and 8 parts of air in a tube of a quarter of an inch in diameter, and a foot long, more than a second was required before the flame reached from one end of the tube to the other ; and...
Page 179 - Are we not, then, authorized to conclude that water is composed of dephlogisticated air and phlogiston, deprived of part of their latent or elementary heat; that dephlogisticated or pure air is composed of water deprived of its phlogiston, and united to elementary...
Page 180 - ... each. The electric spark having passed through them, the flask became hot, and was cooled by exposing it to the common air of the room : it was then hung up again to the balance, and a loss of weight was always found, but not constantly the same ; upon an average it was two grains." He goes on to say, " I have fired air in glass vessels since I saw you (Dr. Priestley) venture to do it, and I have observed, as you did, that, though the glass was clean and dry before, yet, after firing the air,...
Page 18 - ... of sulphur; but as I had got nothing like this remarkable appearance from any kind of air besides this particular modification of nitrous air, and I knew no nitrous acid was used in the preparation of mercurius calcinatus, I was utterly at a loss how to account for it.
Page 18 - I proceeded with great alacrity to examine by the help of it what kind of air a great variety of substances, natural and factitious, would yield...
Page 202 - English) of the surface of the earth ; the diameter of the earth and its superficies are likewise known, so that the weight of the atmosphere can be calculated with the greatest exactness. The thousandth part of this is carbonic acid, which contains upwards of 27 per cent, carbon. By this calculation it can be shown, that the atmosphere contains 3306 billion Ibs. of carbon ; a quantity which amounts to more than the weight of all the plants, and of all the strata of mineral and brown coal, which...