A Manual of Chemistry on the Basis of Dr. Turner's Elements of Chemistry: Containing, in a Condensed Form, All the Most Important Facts and Principles of the Science ... ; Designed for a Text Book in Colleges and Other Seminaries of Learning |
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absorbed acetic acid gas action affinity alcohol alkalies ammonia animal antimony arsenic atmosphere baryta bodies boiling called carbonic acid charcoal chemical chlorine chromic acid cold color colorless combination combustion composition compound contain cooling copper crystaline crystals decomposed decomposition dilute dissolved distillation earth electricity Equiv equivalent ether evaporation expelled exposed fluid formed fused galvanic gases glass gold heated to redness hydrate hydrochloric acid hydrogen insoluble iodine iron lime liquid magnesia magnet manganese matter mercury metallic mineral mixed mixture neutral nitrate nitric acid nitrogen obtained odor oxalate oxide oxydized oxygen oxygen gas particles peroxide phosphate phosphorus platinum potassium precipitate prepared prisms produced properties protoxide pure readily red heat salts sesquioxide silver soda sodium solid soluble in water solution specific gravity strontia substances sugar sulphate sulphuret sulphuric acid surface Symbol taste temperature tion tube unite vegetable vessel water of crystalization weight wire zinc
Popular passages
Page 147 - Oxygen gas is necessary to respiration. No animal can live in an atmosphere which does not contain a certain portion of lincombined oxygen ; for an animal soon dies if put into a - portion of air from which the oxygen has been previously removed by a burning body. It may, therefore, be anticipated that oxygen is consumed during respiration.
Page 424 - ... increases, until, at length, it becomes exceedingly offensive. As soon as these changes commence, the urine ceases to have an acid reaction, and the earthy phosphates are deposited. In a short time, a free alkali makes its appearance, and a large quantity of carbonate of ammonia is gradually generated. Similar changes may be produced in recent urine, by continued boiling. In both cases, the phenomena are owing to the decomposition of urea.
Page 114 - ... ic. Thus, sulphuric and carbonic acids signify acid compounds of sulphur and carbon with oxygen. If sulphur or any other body should form two acids, that which contains the least quantity of oxygen is made to terminate in ous, as sulphurous acid. The termination in uret was intended to denote combinations of the simple Don-metallic substances either with one another, with a metal, or with a metallic oxide.
Page 176 - Fig. 73. contrivance, which is appropriately termed the safety-lamp, not only prevents explosion, but indicates the precise moment of danger. When the lamp is carried into an atmosphere charged with fire-damp, the flame begins to enlarge; and the mixture, if highly explosive, takes fire as soon as it has passed through the gauze, and burns on its inner surface, while the light in the centre of the lamp is extinguished.
Page 274 - ... of the salts of cobalt, most of which are of a pink hue. When heated to redness in open vessels, it absorbs oxygen, and is converted into the peroxide. It may be prepared by decomposing the carbonate of cobalt by heat, in a vessel from which the atmospheric air is excluded. It is easily known by its giving a blue tint to borax when melted with it, and is employed in the arts, in the form of smalt, for communicating a similar color to glass, to earthen ware, and to porcelain.
Page 427 - Eudiometer, and is inflamed by the electric spark, the aperture of the tube being closed by the thumb at the moment of detonation. The total diminution in volume, divided by three, indicates the quantity of oxygen originally contained in the mixture. This operation may be performed in a trough either of water or mercury. Instead of electricity, spongy platinum may be employed for causing the union of oxygen and hydrogen gases ; and, while its indications are very precise, it has the advantage of...
Page 286 - Winthrop, of Connecticut, and was supposed to have been found near New London, in that state. About two years after, M. Ekeberg, a Swedish chemist, extracted the same substance from tantalite and yttro-tantalite, and, on the supposition of its being -different from columbium, described it under the name of tantalum. The identity of these metals, however, was established, in 1809, by doctor Wollaston.
Page 430 - The method of analyzing the sulphates of strontia and baryta is somewhat different. As these salts are difficult of decomposition in the moist way, the following process is adopted. The sulphate, in fine powder, is mixed with three times its weight of...
Page 38 - Now the property of repulsion is manifestly owing to heat; and as it is easy within certain limits to increase or diminish the quantity of this principle in any substance, it follows •that the forms of bodies may be made to vary at pleasure: that is, by heat sufficiently intense every solid may be converted into a liquid, and every liquid into vapor.
Page 234 - It possesses alkaline properties in an eminent degree, converting the vegetable blue colors to green, and neutralizing the strongest acids. It absorbs carbonic acid gas rapidly, and is consequently employed for withdrawing . that, substance from gaseous mixtures. For the same reason it should be preserved in well-closed bottles, that it may not absorb carbonic acid from the atmosphere.