CHAPTER XII.

UNITED STATES MONEY.

OPERATIONS IN UNITED STATES MONEY.

Art. 251. The money of account of the United States is in dollars, cents, and mills. The dollar is the unit, and cents and mills are expressed as fractions of it.

NOTATION OF UNITED STATES MONEY.

Art. 252. To write numbers in United States money. Because United States money has a decimal scale, quantities in this currency can be expressed either as pure or mixed decimals, or as regular integers. Since the dollar is the unit, the dollars of a sum are its integral part, the cents must occupy the tenths' and hundredths' places, and the mills the thousandths' place.

Rule.-First write the dollars as an integer, then the cents as the first two figures of a decimal at the right, and the mills as the third. Place the dollar sign at the left of the whole.

NOTE 1.-When cents are not given, their places must be filled with ciphers. When a whole number of cents less than ten is given, the first decimal place must be filled with a cipher. Thus, five dollars three mills is written $5.003; five dollars seventy-five cents three mills is $5.753; two dollars seven cents five mills is $2.075. Sixty-two cents five mills may be written $0.625, or $.625, but it is advisable to write a cipher in the dollar's place when the sum is less than a dollar.

NOTE 2.-Cents are often written as a common fraction. Thus, $2.25 may be written $2,25. This may be read two dollars and twentyfive hundredths, or two and twenty-five hundredths dollars.

NOTE 3.--Common fractions of a cent may be written as such, or as mills when possible. Thus, one dollar thirty-seven and a half cents may be written $1.37, or $1.375.

EXAMPLES FOR PRACTICE.

1. Write two dollars, sixty-two cents, five mills.
2. Write ten dollars, thirty cents, three mills.
3. Write twenty dollars, six cents, two mills.
4. Write thirty dollars, five cents, one mill.
5. Write one hundred five dollars, fifty cents.
6. Write two hundred dollars, two cents, two mills.
7. Write three thousand two dollars, three cents.

8. Write sixty dollars, seven and three-tenths mills. 9. Write four thousand forty dollars, four cents, five and five-tenths mills.

NUMERATION OF UNITED STATES MONEY.

Art. 253. To read numbers in United States money, when expressed decimally.

Rule.-Read all on the left of the separatrix as dollars, the next two figures as cents, the next figure as mills, and any remaining figures as a decimal of a mill.

ILLUSTRATION.-The number $1.3125 may be read one dollar thirty-one cents two mills and five-tenths of a mill, or one dollar thirtyone cents and a quarter, &c. The number $9.87575 may be read nine dollars eighty-seven cents five mills and seventy-five hundredths of a mill.

EXAMPLES FOR PRACTICE.

Read the following numbers:

Art. 254. Since in United States money the dollars are integers, and cents and mills are decimals of a dollar,

addition, subtraction, multiplication and division may be performed in the same manner as in other decimals.

EXAMPLES FOR PRACTICE.

1. A man paid $11.25 for pork; $10.875 for flour; $5.625 for butter; and $6.35 for fish: how much did he pay for all? Ans. $34.10.

2. A grocer bought coffee for $65.375; sugar for $80.50; tea for $44.125; potatoes for $20.65; and apples for $13.75: what was the cost of the whole?

3. A man having $4628.125, gave $3296.50 for a farm; how much money has he remaining? Ans. $1331.625.

4. A's farm cost him $6827.75, and he sold it for $8112.50; how much did he gain?

5. What cost 43 bushels of wheat at $1.625 per bushel? 6. What cost 17 oranges at $0.08 apiece?

7. How many hats at $2.25 each can be bought for $29.25 ? 8. How many bushels of onions at $1.125 per bushel can be bought for $18.?

Ans. 16.

9. At $.23 per pound, what costs 15 pounds of butter? 10. How many pounds of nails at 8 cents per pound can be bought for $2?

Ans. 25.

11. James paid $.87 for a reader, $.75 for an arithmetic, $.25 for a slate, $1. for a grammar, and $.125 for paper; what did he pay for all?

12. How many bushels of apples can be bought for $58.1875, at $.433 per bushel? Ans. 133.

13. A has $5271.3125, and B has $4627.871; how much more has A than B?

14. If 1 man earn $1.625 in a day, how much can 15 men earn in the same time?

15. At $7.50 per barrel, how many barrels of flour can be bought for $60 ?

16. If 35 bushels of corn cost $22.05, how much will 1 bushel cost?

17. What will 1 gallon of molasses cost, if 33 gallons cost $31.35?