Science for Beginners: An Introduction to the Method and Matter of Science |
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Common terms and phrases
amount atoms baking baking soda body boiling bread burn called carbon dioxid chemical action chemist chlorin coal color compounds contains copper crystals dish dissolved distance earth electric elements energy evaporating Exercise 9 experiment fact feldspar flame flame test flour force friction gases glass gluten hand heat hold hydrochloric acid hydrogen ignition tube inches iron kind learned lever lift light lime limestone limewater liquid litmus paper machine magnet match material matter metal method mineral mixture molecules motion move needle nitrogen Notice object oxid oxygen particles passes pendulum phosphorus piece plants pole potassium potassium chlorate potatoes pounds prism produced quartz rays rise rocks scientist soap soda sodium soil solid solution starch stone storm substance sugar sulfuric acid surface temperature test tube thermometer tion tricity vibration waves weight wind wire wood yeast zinc
Popular passages
Page 300 - And when neither sun nor stars in many days appeared, and no small tempest lay on us, all hope that we should be saved was then taken away.
Page 313 - Rub a dry glass tube or rod with silk and present it to the pith ball. Two things will happen to the pith ball : at first it will be attracted ; but presently the ball will fly away, and then the excited glass will repel the ball. (2) Repeat the same test with the sealing wax rubbed with the flannel. The pith ball is affected in exactly the same way. The excited glass or wax causes the ball to become charged with electricity, and then the ball is repelled by the rod or wax. As a magnet will cause...
Page 112 - ... chemistry. Some one has said that the state of civilization at which a nation has arrived may be measured by the amount of soap consumed. In England there are manufactured over 50 pounds per year for each man, woman, and child. In America the rate is very nearly as high. Before any conclusion is reached by putting these statements together, it should be noted that England sends a large amount of her soap to America, and that Germany, France, and Holland do the same. History of soap and soap making....
Page 350 - A tool is but the extension of a man's hand, and a machine is but a complex tool. And he that invents a machine augments the power of a man and the well-being of mankind.
Page 261 - A calorie is the quantity of heat which is required to raise 1 gram of water 1 degree centigrade.1 A gram 1 In tables showing the heat values of foods for men and animals the large Calorie (written with a capital C) is the unit used. This is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 liter of water 1 degree centigrade. It is equal to 1000 calories as defined above.
Page 28 - I am the daughter of earth and water, And the nursling of the sky ; I pass through the pores of ocean and shores ; I change, but I cannot die...
Page 178 - Cooking starchy foods. Raw starch is not easily digested, and hence potatoes and other vegetables and green fruits should be thoroughly cooked. In ripe fruits most of the starch has been changed to sugar, which, because it is readily soluble, is easily digested without cooking. A mealy boiled potato is, in fact, near akin to a lump of sugar; for the potato, like all forms of starchy food, must be turned into a kind of sugar before it can be absorbed into the system. Color of the potato. Another important...
Page 365 - ... point and gradually thickening so that we shall have the mechanical advantage of their pushing forward a considerable distance while they exert a side force through only a small distance. The screw. The screw is a combination of the lever and the inclined plane. In the jackscrew (Fig. 231), the handle by which the screw is turned is the lever, and the threads of the screw are the inclined plane which the weight FIG.
Page 289 - 74out of the water causes the coin to seem to be more elevated than it really is and to seem to be moved toward the farther side of the dish. This bending of the ray of light is called refraction. It occurs when light passes from one substance, or medium, into another of different density, as from water to air or from air to water. You will learn more about refraction when you go further in your study of physics. Refraction of light by glass. Many substances besides water refract light, a fact which...
Page 174 - ... of the living forms of this little kingdom of life ; or hand it to the botanist, well trained in the lower orders of plants, and see how many of the living forms which these few handfuls of dirt contain he can classify. Present this miniature farm to the chemist and the physicist, and let them puzzle over it. Call in the farmer, and ask him what plants will thrive best in it; or keep the soil warm and moist for a time, and have the gardener say of the tiny plants that appear as by magic which...