The Physical Sciences from Atoms to Stars |
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acceleration acid alkali metals alpha particles amount appear atomic number atomic weight attraction average beam body brightness calculate calories carbon cepheids changes chemical reactions chlorine color compounds contain cules density deposited diameter direction distance earth electric charge electron volts elements emitted estimate evidence experiments explain fact force further galaxies gases grams gravity heat helium hence hydrogen atom hydrogen chloride idea increase ionization ionization energy ions isotopes kinetic energy light liquid magnetic field mass material matter measured ments mercury metals method miles per second million molecules moon motion move negative charges neutrons nonmetals nuclear nucleus observed orbit oxidizing oxygen oxygen atom phenomena planets positive charge pressure produced properties protons quantity radiation radioactive ratio rays region rocks sediments shell similar sodium solar system solid space spectrum speed stars structure substances surface temperature theory tion uranium valence velocity volume wavelength waves