Notes on Building Construction: First stage or elementary courseLongmans, Green, & Company, 1891 - Building |
Common terms and phrases
18-inch wall arrangement ashlar bars bead beam boards bressummers bricks brickwork bridging joists built cast-iron ceiling joists centre common rafters compression construction corbels cornice covered depth described door dovetail dowel edge elevation ends English Bond extrados face feet fillet fixed flange flat floor foot frame gauge girder groove gutter head headers holes horizontal inside king post laid lead length lintel lower masonry mortar mortise mortise and tenon moulded nailed notched opening panels partition pieces Plan of Courses prevent principal rafters purlins quoins rail rebate relieving arch resist ridge rivets rubble sash scale scantlings scarf screws Section on A.B secured shown in Fig side sill slates soffit sometimes span square stone Straight Arch strain strap strength stretchers struts style surface tenon tension rods tie beam tie rod timber Tredgold truss upper vertical joints wall plates water bar wedges weight width window wood
Popular passages
Page 57 - ... timber may be safe against injury under the heaviest load which occurs in practice, and to form and fit every pair of such surfaces accurately, in order to distribute the stress uniformly. 4. To proportion the fastenings so that they may be of equal strength with the pieces which they connect.
Page 35 - The projection of the bottom of the footing of every wall, on each side of the wall, shall be at least equal to onehalf of the thickness of the wall at its base ; and the diminution of the footing of every wall...
Page iii - COURSE OF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION. Notes on Building Construction. Arranged to meet the requirements of the Syllabus of the Science and Art Department of the Committee of Council on Education, South Kensington.
Page 1 - The whole of the walling of a building should be carried up simultaneously; no part should be allowed to rise more than about 3 feet above the rest; otherwise the portion first built will settle down...
Page vi - He should be able to draw in elevation, from given dimensions, a framed partition with door openings. He should be able to draw in elevation, and give vertical and horizontal sections of, solid door frames and window frames. He should be able to describe, by drawings, beadings of different kinds, dovetailing, cross-grooving, rebating, plough-grooving, chamfering, rounded nosing, and housings.
Page 40 - Stones. In order that the stones may not be liable to be broken across, no stone of a soft material, such as the weaker kinds of sandstone and granular limestone, should have a length greater than 3 times its depth or rise; in harder materials the length may be 4 to 5 times the depth.
Page v - ... labour with his head at the same time as with his hands, the teacher should not, necessarily, attempt to push the students through the whole of the subjects enumerated in this syllabus, but should limit the range of his tuition according to the time at his command and the intelligence of the pupils. A larger number of questions will be set in the examination papers for the Elementary and Advanced stages, than the candidate will be allowed to attempt, so that he will, to a certain extent, be able...
Page vi - ... section, sectional elevation. He should understand the object of bond in brickwork, ie English bond, Flemish bond, or English bond with Flemish facing, and how it is attained in walls up to three bricks thick, in the following instances — viz. footings with offsets, angles of buildings, connection of external and internal walls, window and door openings with reveals and square jambs, external gauged arches (camber, segmental, and semicircular), internal discharging arches over lintels, and...
Page 16 - In walls of heading bond more than one brick thick, a line of bats or half-bricks must be introduced, in alternate courses, to form the transverse bond. Stretching Bond consists entirely of stretchers, and is adapted only for walls ^ brick thick.
Page 2 - Fig 116, they form what is called a straight joint. Straight joints split up and weaken the part of the wall in which they occur, and should therefore be avoided. A good bond breaks the vertical joints, both in the length and thickness of the wall, giving the bricks or stones a good lap over one another in both directions, so as to afford as much hold as possible between the different parts of the wall.