Internal Combustion Engines: United States Naval Reserve Midshipmen's School, U.S.S. "Prairie State." 1942 |
Common terms and phrases
adjustment air compressor air-injection atomizer bearing surfaces Berkeley Bosch CALIFORNIA LIBRARY camshaft carbon carburetor Check Valve clean clearance combustion chamber combustion space compression ratio connecting rod cooler cooling water crank crankcase crankpin crankshaft cylinder head cylinder walls diagram DIESEL CYCLE Diesel engines Diesel fuel drain energy engine cylinder exhaust valve film filters flow fluid fuel injection fuel oil gases gasoline engines gear governor grooves heat holes ignition injection nozzle INJECTION PUMP injection system injection valve injector inspected installed intake valve internal combustion engines journal load lubricating oil maximum mean effective pressure mixture needle operation Otto cycle piston rings ports position pounds per square pressure pump plunger reduce rotation rotor scavenging screws shaft shown in figure spark square inch starting air supply temperature thermal efficiency throttle tion top dead center unit UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA viscosity wrist pin
Popular passages
Page 77 - ... four-throw crankshaft may have either five or three or even two bearings; a six-throw crankshaft may have seven, four, or three; and so on. In V-type engines each crankpin serves two cylinders, and in radial engines one crankpin serves all cylinders — three, five, seven, or nine. Firing Order. — To secure uniform rotation in multicylinder engines, the power impulses should be equally spaced. This consideration in connection with balance requirements determines the conventional arrangements...
Page 11 - The pitch is the distance from a point on one thread to the corresponding point on the next thread, while the lead is the distance a screw thread advances in one turn.
Page 88 - ... specific gravity. It is of little significance as an index of the quality of a lubricant. The flash point of an oil is the temperature at which a flash appears on the oil surface when a test flame is applied under specified test conditions. It is a rough indication of the tendency to vaporize.
Page 99 - Aniline Point is the lowest temperature at which equal parts by volume of freshly distilled aniline and the test sample of oil are completely miscible. It is determined by heating such a mixture in a jacketed test tube to a clear solution and noting the temperature at which turbidity appears as the mixture is cooled. For API Gravity see the Standard Method of Test for Gravity of Petroleum and Petroleum Products by Means of the Hydrometer (ASTM Designation: D 287) of the American Society for Testing...
Page 128 - VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY. The volumetric efficiency of an engine is the ratio of the air-fuel mixture that enters the cylinders compared to the total piston displacement of the engine.
Page 47 - ... As the expansion is carried still farther and the temperature of the steam correspondingly lowered, a portion of the water previously condensed is reevaporated into steam by the heat given up by the piston, cylinder, and head, raising the terminal pressure in the cylinder. When the piston arrives at the end of the stroke, the exhaust valve opens and the pressure and temperature of the steam lowers...
Page 29 - According to this equation, it is clear that specific heat at constant pressure is always greater than the specific heat at constant volume. In this equation С , Cv and R are all measured in J mole...
Page 83 - ... only properties required, any liquid that is not too thick might be used in a hydraulic system. However, a satisfactory liquid for a particular system must possess a number of other properties. The most important properties and some characteristics are discussed in the following paragraphs. Density and Specific Gravity The density of a substance is its weight per unit of volume. The unit of volume in the English system of measurement is 1 cubic foot, or 1 ft3.
Page 48 - It is clear that, for a given compression ratio, the Otto cycle is more efficient than the diesel cycle.
Page 161 - Motors unit fuel injector, which combines pump and injection nozzle in the one assembly. 1. Follower. 2. Follower Guide. 3. Plunger Spring. 4. Follower Pin. 5. Stop Pin. 6. Gear. 7. Rack. 8. Seal Ring. 9. Gear Retainer. 10. Upper Helix. 11. Metering Recess. 12. Upper Port. 13. Bushing. 14. Spill Deflector. 15. Spacer. 16. Check Valve. 17. Valve Seat. 18. Valve. 19. Valve Spring. 20. Valve Stop. 21. Filter Cap.