Lectures on Some Recent Advances in Physical Science |
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absolutely absorbing absorption amount of heat Ångström applied atmosphere Balfour Stewart battery black body body boiler bright lines calculate called carbonic acid Carnot's chemical coal gas colder colour compress conducting power conservation of energy copper course current electricity cylinder dark lines definite direction earth earth's atmosphere electricity enormous equal equivalent experiment experimental fact force friction gases give given hydrogen incandescent inch instance Joule kind kinetic energy last lecture light liquid magnet mass mathematical matter Mayer melting metal moving Natural Philosophy Newton's ordinary particles pass perfectly perpetual motion physical piston portion potential energy precisely present pressure produced quantity of heat radiant heat radiation reasoning result rotation side simply solar spectrum stars steam substance sun's sunlight suppose surface temperature thing Thomson tion transformation tricity vapour velocity vessel vibration vortex-ring whole wire zinc
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Page 350 - Every body continues in its state of rest or of uniform motion in a straight line, except in so far as it may be compelled by impressed forces to change that state.
Page 43 - It is hardly necessary to add, that anything which any insulated body, or system of bodies, can continue to furnish without limitation, cannot possibly be a material substance ; and it appears to me to be extremely difficult, if not quite impossible, to form any distinct idea of anything capable of being excited and communicated in the manner the Heat was excited and communicated in these experiments, except it be MOTION.
Page 351 - Change of motion is proportional to the impressed force, and takes place in the direction of the straight line in which the force acts.
Page 34 - If the action of an agent be measured by the product of its force into its velocity; and if, similarly, the reaction of the resistance be measured by the velocities of its several parts into their forces, whether these arise from friction, cohesion, weight, or acceleration, action and reaction, in all combinations of machines, will be equal and opposite.
Page 47 - The immediate cause of the phenomena of heat, then, is motion, and the laws of its communication are precisely the same as the lytvs of the communication of motion.
Page 355 - To every action there is always an equal and contrary reaction ; or the mutual actions of any two bodies are always equal and oppositely directed.
Page 34 - The area of a section which lies between the centroid of the tensile reinforcement and the compression face of the flexural member. Effective area of reinforcement — The area obtained by multiplying the right cross-sectional area of the reinforcement by the cosine of the angle between its direction and the direction for which the effectiveness is to be determined.
Page 39 - It frequently happens, that in the ordinary affairs and occupations of life, opportunities present themselves of contemplating some of the most curious operations of Nature ; and very interesting philosophical experiments might often be made, almost without trouble or expense, by means of machinery contrived for the mere mechanical purposes of the arts and manufactures.
Page 166 - ... the centre, and the earth is even now losing heat at a perfectly measurable rate ; therefore it is possible to calculate what was the distribution of heat a hundred thousand or a thousand thousand years ago, supposing the present natural laws to have been then in existence. According to these data, about ten millions of years ago the surface of the earth had just consolidated, or was just about to consolidate...
Page 43 - BOILED! It would be difficult to describe the surprise and astonishment expressed in the countenances of the by-standers, on seeing so large a quantity of cold water heated, and actually made to boil, without any fire.