A History and Philosophy of Fluid MechanicsThrough the centuries, the intricacies of fluid mechanics — the study of the laws of motion and fluids in motion — have occupied many of history's greatest minds. In this pioneering account, a distinguished aeronautical scientist presents a history of fluid mechanics focusing on the achievements of the pioneering scientists and thinkers whose inspirations and experiments lay behind the evolution of such disparate devices as irrigation lifts, ocean liners, windmills, fireworks and spacecraft. |
Contents
Basic definitions | 1 |
Fluids and life | 3 |
Water and air | 5 |
The first uses of fluids | 8 |
Mythology and fluids | 12 |
Plato and fluids | 14 |
Aristotle and the science of fluids | 17 |
The birth of fluidstatics | 21 |
Hermann von Helmholtz 182194 and others | 109 |
Osborne Reynolds 18421912 | 114 |
Mikhail Lomonossov 171165 and others | 120 |
The Russian School of scientific thought | 124 |
Konstantin Tsiolkovsky 18571935 | 127 |
Nikolai Egorovich Zhukovsky 18471921 | 131 |
Frederick Lanchester 18781946 and others | 134 |
The PrandtlLanchester Lifting Line Theory | 138 |
Hero of Alexandria | 26 |
Through the Dark Ages to the Renaissance | 30 |
General remarks about Leonardo da Vinci | 33 |
Leonardo da Vincis original works on fluids | 36 |
Leonardos fluidmechanics | 42 |
Simon Stevin 15481620 | 49 |
Galileo Galilei 15651642 | 52 |
Evangelista Torricelli 160847 and Otto von Guericke 160286 | 56 |
Blaise Pascal 162362 | 59 |
Sir Isaac Newton 16421727 | 64 |
Daniel Bernoulli 170082 | 70 |
Leonhard Euler 170783 | 73 |
Louis de Lagrange 17361813 | 78 |
Jean le Rond dAlembert 171783 | 80 |
Chevalier de Borda 173399 and others | 82 |
Chezy Du Buat Coulon Hagen Poiseuille and Girard | 86 |
Claude Louis M H Navier 17851836 | 88 |
The birth of experimental fluidmechanics | 91 |
Benjamin Robins 170751 and Leonhard Euler | 96 |
Lazare Carnot 17531823 Pierre Simon de Laplace 17491827 and others | 101 |
Augustin Louis Cauchy 17891857 and others | 106 |
Flettners rudders | 141 |
Flettners rotorship | 147 |
Flettners rotor windmill | 153 |
Autorotating bodies | 155 |
Riabouchinsky Mallock Benard von Karman | 166 |
William Froude 181079 and others | 169 |
Turbulent boundary layer and flow separation | 174 |
Methods of delaying flow separation | 176 |
Airscrews | 180 |
The inner structure of fluids | 187 |
The velocity of sound | 191 |
Ernst Mach 18381916 and others | 193 |
The ChaplyginKhristianovich method | 198 |
The drag wall | 204 |
Transsonic compressibility effects on lift | 211 |
Further notes on transsonic aerodynamics | 216 |
superfluidity | 220 |
Hypersonic gasdynamics | 225 |
The universal matterenergy continuity | 230 |