88

8 d.

2. Find the decimal expression of 16s. 41d. and 17s.
Ans. f,819, and £,885
Write down £47 18 10 in a decimal expression,
Ans. £47,943
4. Reduce £1 8s. 2d. to an equivalent decimal.
Ans. £1,408

3.

PROBLEM II.

A short and easy method to find the value of any deci nal of a pound by inspection.

RULE.

Double the first figure, or place of tenths for shillings, and if the second figure be 5, or more than 5, reckon another shilling; then, after this 5 is deducted, call the figures in the second and third places so many farthings, abating 1 when they are above 12, and 2 when above 36, and the result will be the answer.

NOTE. When the decimal has but 2 figures, if any thing remains after the shillings are taken out, a cypher must be annexed to the left hand, or supposed to be so,

EXAMPLES.

1. Find the value of £.,679, by inspection. 12s.double of 6

1

for the 5 in the second place which is to be Add 74d. 29 farthings remain to be added. [deducted out of 7. Deduct 4d. for the excess of 12.

Ans. 13s. 7d.

2. Find the value of £.,876 by inspection.

Ans. 17s. 61d.

3. Find the value of £.,842 by inspection.

4. Find the value of £,097 by inspection.

Ans. 16s. 10d.

Ans. 1s. 114d.

REDUCTION OF CURRENCIES.

RULES,

FOR reducing the Currencies of the several United
States into Federal Money.

CASE I.

To reduce the currencies of the different states, where a dollar is an even number of shillings, to Federal Money.

They are
New-England,
Virginia,
Kentucky, and
Tennessee.

New-England,
Virginia,
Kentucky, and
Tennessee.

New-York, & Z
N. Carolina. 3.

RULE.

1. When the sum consists of pounds only, annex a cypher to the pounds, and divide by half the number of shillings in a dollar; the quotient will be dollars.t

2. But if the sum consists of pounds, shillings, pence, &c. bring the given sum into shillings, and reduce the pence and farthings to a decimal of a shilling; annex said decimal to the shillings, with a decimal point between, then divide the whole by the number of shillings contained in a dollar, and the quotient will be dollars, cents, mills, &c.

6s

New-York, and
North-Carolina.

*Formerly the pound was of the same sterling value in all the colonies as in Great-Britain, and a Spanish Dollar worth 4s6-but the legislatures of the different colonies emitted bills of credit, which afterwards depreciated in their value, ir some states more, in others less, &c.

Thus a dollar is reckoned in
New-Jersey,
Pennsylvania,
Delaware, and
Maryland.

8s

7s6

South

Carolina,
and

Georgia.

488

Adding a cypher to the pounds, multiplies the whole by 10, bringing them into tenths of a pound; then because a dollar is just three-tenths of a pound N. E. currency, divi'ding those tenths by 3, brings them into dollars, &c. See Note, page 85.

1. Reduce 75l. New-England and Virginia Currency, to Federal Money.

S)730

$ cts.

=

$245 243 SS 2. Reduce 451. 15s. 74d. New-England currency, to [federal money.

20

d.
12)7,500

A dollar-6)915,625

EXAMPLES.

$152,604+ Ans.

,625 decimal.

2

*

3

NOTE. 1 farthing is ,25) which annex to the pence, ,50 and divide by 12, you will ,75 have the decimal required. 3. Reduce 345l. 10s. 114d. New-Hampshire, &c. currency, to Spanish milled dollars, or federal money. £345 10 114 20

6)6910,9375

,9375 decimal.

$1151,8229+ Ans.

4. Reduce 105l. 14s. Sąd. New-York and Nortn-Care lina currency, to federal money.

£105 14 31
20

A dollar-8)2114,3125

$264,289 06 Ans.
Or $ dem. 06

100

d.
12)11,2500

d.

12)3,7500

,S125 decimal.

5. Reduce 4311. New-York currency to federal money. This being pounds only.*

4)4310

Ans. 81077

$ cts.

1077,50

of a pound;

*A dollar is 8s. in this currency-,4 therefore, multiply by 10, and divide by 4, brings the pounds into dollars, &c.

4.

6. Reduce 28. 11s. 6d. New-England and Virginia
currency, to federal money.
Ans. 895,25cls.
7. Change 465l. 10s. 8d. New-England, &c. currency,
to federal money.
Ans. 81545, 11cts. 1m.+
8. Reduce 351. 19s. Virginia, &c. currency, to federal
money.
Ans. $119, 83cts. 3m.+
9. Reduce 214l. 10s. 7d. New-York, &c. currency,
to federal money.
Ans. $536, 32cts. 8m.+
10. Reduce 304l. 11s. 5d. North-Carolina, &c. cur-
rency, to federal money. Ans. $761, 42cts. 7m.+

11. Change 219l. 11s. 73d. New-England and Vir-
ginia currency, to federal money. Ans. 8731,94cts.+
12. Change 2411. New-England, &c. currency, into
federal money.
Ans. $803, 33cts.

dollars.

Qur

1. 13. Bring 20l. 18s. 53d. New-England currency, into
Ans. $69, 74cts. 64m.+
14. Reduce 4687. New-York currency, to federal mo-
ney.
Ans. $1170
15. Reduce 17s. 9ąd. New-York, &c. currency, to
dollars, &c.
Ans. $2, 22cts. 6,5m.+
16. Borrowed 10 English crowns, at 6s. 8d. each, how
many dollars at 6s. each, will pay the debt?

Ans. $11, 11cts. 1m.
NOTE. There are several short practical methods of
reducing New-England and New-York currencies to Fed-
eral Money, for which see the Appendix.

CASE II.

To reduce the currency of New-Jersey, Pennsylvania,
Delaware and Maryland, to Federal Money.
RULE.

Multiply the given sum by 8, and divide the product by S, and the quotient will be dollars, &c.*

EXAMPLES.

1. Reduce 2451. New-Jersey, &c. currency, to federal
money.
£245x8-1960, and 1960÷3-86551-8655, S5 cts.
NOTE. When there are shillings, pence, &c. in the

*A dollar is 7s. 6d.=90d. in this currency== 3 of a pound; therefore, multiplying by 8, and dividing by 3, gives the dollars, cents, &c.

given sum, reduce them to the decimal of a pound, then multiply and divide as above, &c.

2. Reduce 36l. 11s. 8d. New-Jersey, &c. currency, to federal money. £36,5854 decimal value.

S

5)292,6832(97,56106 Ans. ANSWERS. £. s. d.

$cts. m.

3. Re uce 240 0 0 to federal money 640 00
4. Reduce 125 8

0

SS4 40

7

6

5. Reduce 99
6. Reduce 100 0
7. Reduce 25 S
8. Reduce 0 17

265 00 5 +
266 66 6+
67 14 4

2 36 6,6

CASE III.

To reduce the currency of South-Carolina and Georgia, to federal money.

7)1545,2180

8

0

7

9

Ans. 235,0311

RULE.

Multiply the given sum by 50, and divide the product by 7, the quotient will be the dollars, cents, &c.*

EXAMPLES.

1. Reduce 100l. South-Carolina and Georgia currency, to federal money.

1007.×30=3000; 3000÷7=$428,5714 Ans. 2. Reduce 54l. 16s. 9. Georgia currency, to federal 54,8406 decimal expression.

money.

30

£• s. d.

3. Reduce 94 14
4. Reduce 19 17
5. Reduce 417 14 6
6. Reduce 140 10 0
7. Reduce 160 0 0

ANSWERS.

$ cts. m. 8 to federal money, 405 99 8+ 61

85 18 7+ 1790 25 602 14 2+ 685 71 4

*4s. 8d. or 56d to the dollar=5=3% of a pound;

56 240

therefore ×30-7.