Lessons in Elementary Practical Physics, Volume 1Macmillan and Company, 1885 - Electricity |
Contents
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Common terms and phrases
accuracy adjusted angle angular apparatus apparent weight axis balance barometer beam beam compass body brass capillary cathetometer centre clamp clock cocoon silk coincidence convenient correct cross-wire cubic centimètre cylinder denote determined diameter difference distance distilled water divided ellipse equal error fixed force formula give glass graduated grammes grms Hence horizontal hydrometer inch index-mark india-rubber instrument kilogramme knife-edge length LESSON liquid mark means measure meniscus mercury method mètre micrometer microscope milligramme millimètre scale moment of inertia motion observations obtained oscillation placed plane platinum pointer Poisson's ratio position pressure radius reading relative density scale division screw sensibility shear simple pendulum specific gravity specific gravity bottle Spherometer square standard suppose surface swing telescope temperature thread tion torsion true weight tube unit vacuo Vernier vertical vibration volume wheel wire wire-gauge Young's Modulus zero point
Popular passages
Page 252 - An account of experiments for determining the length of the pendulum vibrating seconds in the latitude of London.
Page 144 - When it is immersed in a liquid the weight of the liquid displaced is equal to the weight of the salinometer.
Page 1 - THE SCIENCE OF WEIGHING AND MEASURING, AND THE STANDARDS OF MEASURE AND WEIGHT. By HW CHISHOLM, Warden of the Standards. With numerous Illustrations. Crown 8vo.
Page 1 - The yard l is defined by Act of Parliament to be the straight line or distance between the centres of two gold plugs in a bronze bar deposited in the office of the Exchequer, the temperature of the bar being 62° Fahr. When it is convenient to use smaller units of length, the foot, or ^ of a yard, and the inch, or -^ of a foot, are employed.
Page 243 - ... or, denoting by r the radius SP, the velocity of P will be ™ (2) and a like expression would denote the velocity of any other point. 160. Energy of a Rotating Body. — The amount of energy in a body moving without rotation (the motion being pure translation) is denoted by the expression |MV2, where M is the mass and V the velocity of the body. In making use of this expression to find the energy of a rotating body we perceive that we must consider the velocities and masses of the individual...
Page 210 - When the sign of the correction is +, the quantity is to be added to the observed reading, and when — to be subtracted from it. II. Mercurial thermometers are liable, through age, to read too high...
Page 169 - From which it is seen that the torsional couple is directly proportional to the fourth power of the radius, and inversely proportional to the length of the cylinder, a result we have previously shown to be true from first principles.
Page 278 - M-\- n X. If now the result is a straight line, or differs from a straight line only by the accidental errors, — that is, if there is no curv'ature to one side more than on the other, — we know that y varies as some power of x, and the value of n is readily determined from the tangent of the angle the line makes with the axis of X. In the same way m is obtained by finding the number whose logarithm is M, the ordinate of the point where the line meets the axis of T. On the other hand, if the line...
Page 190 - ... that the moment of the torsional couple called into action is proportional to the circular displacement. The same method might be extended to prove the other torsional laws by obtaining the time of vibration with wires of different lengths and diameters. We have here the well-known formula when t is the time, I the moment of inertia of the system with respect to the axis of rotation, and T the value of the torsional couple called into operation by a unit twist. The value of T is therefore We...
Page 273 - A" -f- . . . . should be a minimum. Thus, the principle that the most probable values of the unknown quantities are those which make the sum of the squares of the residual errors a minimum, is not limited to the case of direct observations, but is entirely general. The principle is readily extended to observations of unequal precision. For if the degree of precision of the observations M, M', M".