Mechanics, hydrostatics and pneumaticsD. Appleton, 1884 - Physics |
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Common terms and phrases
acceleration action air-pump amount angle apparatus applied Archimedes atmospheric pressure axis balance balloon barometer barrel beam body Boyle's law called capillary capillary action carbonic acid centimetres centre of buoyancy centre of gravity cistern component compressed cubic cubic centimetre curve cycloid cylinder denote density depth diameter difference of level diminishes direction distance dynes employed equation equilibrium exerted forces acting formula free surface friction gases given glass grammes hence horizontal hydrometer immersed inch increases instrument length lever liquid displaced lower machine mass measured millimetres moment of inertia motion moving observed opening orifice oscillation parallel particle passes pendulum piston plane position principle produce proportional pump pump-barrel represented reservoir resultant scale screw side siphon solid specific gravity stop-cock stroke suppose temperature tion tube unit untraversed space upper valve velocity vertical vessel vibration volume weight zero
Popular passages
Page 41 - Every body continues in its state of rest or of uniform motion in a straight line, except in so far as it may be compelled by impressed forces to change that state.
Page 6 - The condition of equilibrium for three forces acting at a point is, that they be represented in magnitude and direction by the three sides of a triangle, taken one way round.
Page 214 - The resistance which is opposed to a pump rod in raising water, is ~equal to the weight of a column of water whose base is the area of the piston, and...
Page 11 - More generally, the moment of a force about a point is the 'product of the force by the length of the perpendicular dropped upon it from the point.
Page 167 - ... branch, having divisions which correspond to parts of equal volume. The graduation of both scales begins from the same horizontal line through 0, 0. Mercury is first poured in at the extremity of the long branch, and by inclining the apparatus to either side, and cautiously adding more of the liquid if required, the mercury can be made to stand at the same level in both branches, and at the zero of both scales. Thus we have, in the short branch, a quantity of air separated from the external air,...
Page 84 - ... hence the amounts of pressure on the three faces are proportional to the faces, in other words the intensities of these three pressures are equal. As we can take two of the faces perpendicular to any two given directions, this proves that the pressures in all directions at a point are of equal intensity. 138. Pressure the Same at the Same Level. — In a fluid at rest, the pressure is the same at all points in the same horizontal plane. This appears from considering the equilibrium of a horizontal...
Page 32 - ... an eighth of the weight; but this cord is directly attached to the power. Thus the power is an eighth of the weight, or the mechanical advantage is 8. If the weight and the block1 to which it is attached rise 1 inch, the next block rises 2 inches, the next 4, and the power moves through 8 inches. Thus, the work done by the power is equal to the work done upon the weight. In all this reasoning we neglect the weights of the blocks themselves; but it is not difficult to take them into account when...
Page 13 - BC, or in other words that BC is very large compared with AB. If Q gradually diminishes until it becomes equal to P, R will gradually diminish to zero; but while it diminishes, the product R . BC will remain constant, being always equal to P . AB. A very small force R at a very great distance would have sensibly the same moment round all points between A and B or anywhere in their neighbourhood, and the moment of R is always equal to the algebraic sum of the moments of P and Q. When Q is equal to...
Page 166 - Defence of the Doctrine touching the Spring and Weight of the Air against the Objections of Franciscus Linus, appended to New Experiments, Pkysico-mechanical, &c.
Page 67 - ... isochronous. To obtain strictly isochronous vibrations we must substitute for the circular arc a curve which possesses the property of having an inclination whose sine is simply proportional to distance measured along the curve from the lowest point. The curve which possesses this property is the cycloid. It is the curve which is traced by a point in the circumference of a circle which rolls along a straight line. The cycloidal pendulum is constructed by suspending an ivory ball or some other...