Power Plant Testing: A Manual of Testing Engines, Turbines, Boilers, Pumps, Refrigerating Machinery, Fans, Fuels, Materials of Construction, Etc |
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212 degrees accurate adjusted apparatus attached boiler brake horse power calculated calibrated calorific value calorimeter carbon cent coal combustion compression condensed steam connected correction cubic curve cut-off cylinder degrees Fahrenheit determined discharge drum dynamometer efficiency entropy equivalent evaporation feed-water flow flue gases friction fuel gage heat units heating value hour illustrated in Fig indicated horse power indicator diagram instrument kilowatts leakage lever load losses mean effective pressure measured mercury meter method minute moisture nozzle observed obtained operation ordinates orifice oxygen percentage pipette piston rod Pitot Tube planimeter pounds per square pulley pump Pyrometer reading revolutions per minute sample scale screw shaft shown in Fig spring square inch standard steam consumption steam engine steam pipe steam turbine stroke superheat superheated surface condenser T₁ temperature thermometer throttling total heat tracing point tube usually vacuum valve velocity volume weight wheel
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Page 204 - Water- meters, as a rule, should only be used as a check on other measurements. For accurate work the water should be weighed or measured in a tank. 3. Thermometers and pyrometers for taking temperatures of air, steam, feed-water, waste gases, etc. 4. Pressure-gauges...
Page 215 - DATA AND RESULTS OF EVAPORATIVE TEST. Arranged in accordance with the Complete Form advised by the Boiler Test Committee of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Code of 1899. Made by of boiler at to determine Principal conditions governing the trial Kind of fuel Kind of furnace State of the weather. Method of starting and stopping the test ("standard" or "alternate,
Page 207 - The Committee concludes that it is best to retain the designations "standard " and "alternate," since they have become widely known and established in the minds of engineers and in the reprints of the Code of 1885. Many engineers prefer the "alternate" to the
Page 204 - Va.) semi-bituminous, and Youghiogheny or Pittsburg bituminous coals are recognized as standards.* There is no special grade of coal mined in the Western States which is widely recognized as of superior quality or considered as a standard coal for boiler testing. Big Muddy lump, an Illinois coal mined in Jackson County, 111., is...
Page 203 - I. Determine at the outset the specific object of the proposed trial, whether it be to ascertain the capacity of the boiler, its efficiency as a steam generator, its efficiency and its defects under usual working conditions, the economy of some particular kind of fuel, or the effect of changes of design, proportion, or operation; and prepare for the trial accordingly (see note, p.
Page 210 - As each barrow load or fresh portion of coal is taken from the coal pile, a representative shovelful is selected from it and placed in a barrel or box in a cool place and kept until the end of the trial. The samples are then mixed and broken into pieces not exceeding one inch in diameter, and reduced by the process of repeated quartering and crushing until a final sample weighing about...
Page 212 - It is desirable that a proximate analysis should be made, thereby determining the relative proportions of volatile matter and fixed carbon. These proportions furnish an indication of the leading characteristics of the fuel and serve to fix the class to which it belongs. As an additional indication of the characteristics of the fuel, the specific gravity should be determined. XVIII. Analysis of Flue Gases.
Page 209 - ... of the temperature of the furnace when a furnace pyrometer is used, also of the pressure of steam, and of the readings of the instruments for determining the moisture in the steam. A log should be kept on properly prepared blanks containing columns for record of the various observations. (Appendix XXII.) When the
Page 207 - Steam being raised to the working pressure, remove rapidly all the fire from the grate, close the damper, clean the ash-pit...
Page 205 - See that the boiler is tliorougltly heated before the trial to its usual working temperature. If the boiler is new and of a form provided with a brick setting, it should be in regular use at least a week before the trial, so as to dry and heat the walls. If it has...