Elements of Forestry |
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acre agricultural amount annual average bark basswood beech birch black locust board feet burned cent chestnut conifers cooperage cost cottonwood crop crown cypress damage diameter Douglas fir durable Engelmann spruce forest fires forest land forest management forestry Future of Forestry grazing ground growing hardwoods heavy height hemlock hickory humus important inches increase industry insects larch light lodgepole pine logs longleaf pine lumber maple measured method mill moisture mountain National Forests northern Norway spruce Pinus plantation planting poles portion practically present protection pulp railroads red cedar red gum redwood region reproduction roots rotation sapwood season seed trees seedlings Silvicultural slopes soil South southern species sprout spruce stump stumpage supply thinnings timber tion U. S. Forest Service United usually utilization volume western larch western white pine western yellow pine white pine wind wood woodlot yellow poplar yield young trees
Popular passages
Page 376 - No public forest reservation shall be established, except to improve and protect the for'est within the reservation, or for the purpose of securing favorable conditions of water flows, and to furnish a continuous supply of timber for the use and necessities of citizens of the United States...
Page 372 - The main branches of forestry are forest policy, silviculture, forest management, forest protection and forest utilization. Forest type. A forest or a part of a forest possessing distinctive characteristics of composition or habit of growth.
Page 384 - ... A stump analysis includes measurements of the diameter growth at given periods upon the- stump only, no matter what other measurements it may comprise. A section analysis includes measurements of the diameter growth at given periods upon more than one section. When, in a stump or section analysis, the measurement of the diameter growth at given periods covers only a portion of the total diameter growth, the analysis is a partial stump analysis or a partial section analysis. Tree class. All trees...
Page 381 - Snow slide. A temporary slide on a steep slope, made by dragging a large log through deep snow which is soft or thawing; when frozen solidly, it may be used to slide logs to a point where they can be reached by sleds.
Page 382 - Removal cuttings gradually remove the mature; stand which would otherwise retard the development of the young trees. A stand in which one or more removal cuttings have been made is in the removal stage.
Page 376 - Rivers; thence east to the place of beginning, is hereby reserved and withdrawn from settlement, occupancy, or sale under the laws of the United States, and dedicated and set apart as a public park or pleasuring ground for the benefit and enjoyment of the people...
Page 379 - Severance cutting. The cutting of all trees upon a narrow strip before natural pruning has far advanced, in order that the trees bordering this strip may, as the result of partial exposure, become wind-firm through the development of strong roots. Thus severance cuttings are made to strengthen the trees on the edge of a stand which will later be entirely exposed through the removal of the stand which now protects it.
Page 370 - Dry roll, to. In sacking the rear, to roll stranded logs into the bed of the stream from which the water has been cut off preparatory to flooding. (NF ) Dry rot. Decay in timber without apparent moisture. (Gen.) Dry slide. See Slide. Dry sloop, to. To sloop logs on bare ground when the slope is so steep that it would be dangerous to sloop on snow. (NF) Dudler, n. See Dudley. Dudley, n. An engine for hauling logs, which propels itself and drags...
Page 383 - . The removal of a portion of the trees with the object of improving the stand without inviting natural reproduction. The following kinds of thinnings are distinguished: cleaning, improvement thinning, accretion thinning.
Page 375 - To pry up seedlings in the seedbed, so that they may be pulled up by hand for transplanting. Light demanding. See Intolerant. Light screen. See Shade frame. Line out, to. To transplant seedlings from the seedbed to rows in the forest nursery. G., verschulen. F., repiquer. Litter, n. That portion of the forest floor which is not in an advanced state of decomposition. Syn.: leaf litter, leaf cover, duff. G., Streu. F., litiere. Locality...