Educil! 118.45 Math 476it Educ π 118.49.872 Sam't A. Green, M.D. Adoption of the "United States Arithmetic" as a class CHAMBER OF THE CONTROLLERS OF PUBLIC SCHOOLS, Philadelphia, April 9th, 1845. At a meeting of the Controllers of Public Schools, held at their Chamber, on Tuesday, April 8th, 1845, the following resolution was adopted : Resolved, That the "UNITED STATES ARITHME- THOMAS B. FLORENCE, Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1845, By E. C. & J. BIDDLE, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States, Printed by T. K. & P. G Collins PREFACE. THE FIRST PART of the United States Arithmetic contains that portion of the United States Arithmetic preceding page 105, together with sixteen additional pages of miscellaneous exercises, oral and written. 'The fact that a large portion of the arithmetics used in schools are worn out before the pupils have progressed half way through them, it is believed will recommend this little volume, on the score of economy. In preparing this work for the press, the author has endeavoured so to treat his subject as to draw forth the thinking powers of a child, and to insure the pupil's comprehension of it. For this purpose, every important rule has been followed by a demonstration or elucidation, in which are set forth, as clearly as possible, the reasons why the operations are to be performed according to the rule, and the principles on which the rule is founded. Many teachers have felt the want of a sufficient number of examples in most of the popular treatises on arithmetic. In this the number of examples exceeds that in any other book now in use, in proportion to its size. The entire separation of oral and written exercises, and the placing of them in different volumes, as adopted in several popular works, the author deems objectionable, as it is calculated to make two distinct impressions of one and the same process, and therefore less likely to lead to a full understanding of the principles involved. In this work the oral and written exercises are placed together under one rule, and questions are appended by which the learner may examine and teach himself. Philadelphia, March, 1845. A KEY to this work, designed for the use of teachers, has been published. CHARACTERS USED IN THIS WORK. This sign denotes addition; and is read plus, as 4+7; that is, 4 added to 7, which is equal to 11. This sign denotes subtraction; and is read minus, as 9-4; that is, from 9 take 4, or 9 minus 4, which is equal to 5. × The sign of multiplication; and is read multiplied by, as 5×3; that is 5 multiplied by 3, which is equal to 15. The sign of division; and is read divided by, as 6÷2; that is, 6 is to be divided by 2, which is equal to 3. The sign of equality; and is read equal to, as 2+4 =6; that is, 2 added to 4, are equal to 6. viii |