Infectious Diseases of Humans: Dynamics and ControlThis book deals with infectious diseases -- viral, bacterial, protozoan and helminth -- in terms of the dynamics of their interaction with host populations. The book combines mathematical models with extensive use of epidemiological and other data. This analytic framework is highly useful for the evaluation of public health strategies aimed at controlling or eradicating particular infections. Such a framework is increasingly important in light of the widespread concern for primary health care programs aimed at such diseases as measles, malaria, river blindness, sleeping sickness, and schistosomiasis, and the advent of AIDS/HIV and other emerging viruses. Throughout the book, the mathematics is used as a tool for thinking clearly about fundamental and applied problems having to do with infectious diseases. The book is divided into two parts, one dealing with microparasites (viruses, bacteria and protozoans) and the other with macroparasites (helminths and parasitic arthropods). Each part begins with simple models, developed in a biologically intuitive way, and then goes on to develop more complicated and realistic models as tools for public health planning. The book synthesizes previous work in this rapidly growing field (much of which is scattered between the ecological and the medical literature) with a good deal of new material. |
Contents
Introduction | 1 |
A framework for discussing the population biology | 2 |
infectious diseases | 11 |
Microparasites | 25 |
Biology of hostmicroparasite associations | 27 |
statics | 66 |
Static aspects of eradication and control | 87 |
dynamics | 122 |
Biology of hostmacroparasite associations | 433 |
statics | 467 |
dynamics | 507 |
Acquired immunity | 530 |
Heterogeneity within the human community | 541 |
Indirectly transmitted helminths | 550 |
Experimental epidemiology | 590 |
Parasites genetic variability and drug resistance | 607 |
Dynamic aspects of eradication and control | 144 |
empirical evidence for | 155 |
Agerelated transmission rates | 172 |
Genetic heterogeneity | 208 |
Social heterogeneity and sexually transmitted diseases | 228 |
Spatial and other kinds of heterogeneity | 304 |
Endemic infections in developing countries | 319 |
Indirectly transmitted microparasites | 374 |
Macroparasites | 431 |
The ecology and genetics of hostparasite associations | 626 |
Appendices | 657 |
Dynamic properties of models for hostmicroparasite interactions | 663 |
Agedependent transmission and WAIFW matrices | 675 |
E Aspects of heterogeneities in hostmicroparasite interactions | 684 |
G Optimal immunization programmes in heterogeneous populations | 694 |
737 | |
747 | |
Common terms and phrases
a₂ acquired immunity age at infection age classes age groups age-specific AIDS Anderson antigens approximation Ascaris Ascaris lumbricoides assumed assumption average age basic reproductive rate behaviour Biomphalaria birth cent changes Chapter chemotherapy constant coverage curve death rate defined by eqn denotes density density-dependent depends developing countries discussed distribution duration dynamics effects endemic England and Wales epidemic epidemiological equations equilibrium eradication estimates example exposure to infection factors females force of infection function genetic helminth herd immunity heterogeneity HIV infection homogeneous mixing host population human communities incidence individuals latent period levels malaria males mean worm burden measles mice microparasitic mortality mosquito negative binomial nematodes observed parasite parasite population patterns predicted prevalence of infection proportion result rubella Schistosoma haematobium Schistosoma mansoni schistosomiasis serological seropositive sexual activity sexual partners simple model snail studies survival total number vaccination vector viral virus WAIFW yrą