DIVISION

The first number in each line below is a factor of every number in the line. Find the other factor of each number · 75; 355; 525; 405 84; 217; 280; 763; 497

12. 5:

13. 7:

14. 11:

15;

110; 44; 121; 880; 2211

15. 9: 819; 945; 189; 360; 963

16. 8: 64; 328; 176; 728; 960

In the following statements tell which numbers are factors and which are products:

17. There are contains 12 peaches.

peaches in 7 baskets if each basket

cents a quart cost 96

a week

18. 12 quarts of berries at

cents.

19. Jerome's wages for 9 weeks at $— amounted to $27.

20. 6 fountain pens at $3 apiece cost $21. $1 will pay 20 carfares at

apiece.

22. 72 cents will buy 12 pounds of sugar at a pound.

cents

Division is finding one of two factors, when the other factor and the product are given.

In division, the given product is sometimes called the dividend, the given factor the divisor, and the factor to be found, the quotient.

When the divisor is not exactly contained in the dividend, the part of the dividend that is left is called the remainder.

Short Division

1. Our grocer bought 1748 sacks of flour. A barrel of flour fills four sacks. How many barrels of flour did he buy?

437 barrels. Ans. We say 4 in 17, 4 times and 1 over.

4)1748

TEST

437

4 in 14, 3 times and 2 over. 4 in 28, 7 times.

Since the dividend is and quotient, we may test our division by multiplying the quotient by the divisor. If this product equals the dividend, the division is correct.

the product of the divisor

4

1748

2.

1239 Quotient

7)8679

TEST

1239

Here is a remainder of 6, which cannot be exactly divided by 7. We place it over the divisor to indicate the division.

7

8673

6

8679

The whole number in the quotient is multiplied by the divisor, and the remainder added, to obtain the dividend.

49) 10192

98

392

392

In the examples on page 19 the quotients were obtained by short division, so called because the multiplication and subtraction were performed mentally.

Where the divisor is greater than 12, long division, expressing all of the work, is easier.

In this example, after 9 of the dividend was brought down, 39 would not contain 49, and 0 was written in the quotient. Then 2 was brought down.

Oral

PROBLEMS OF THRIFT

1. Elmer works for $5 a week and spends $2. Howard works for $6 a week and spends $4. Which boy has more money at the end of 12 weeks, and how much more?

2. Mr. Taylor gave Ethel an allowance of 50 cents a week and Martha 40 cents. Martha used 30 cents a week all the year, and saved the rest for Christmas. How much had she saved by Christmas? Ten weeks before Christmas, Ethel began saving all but 15 cents of her money each week. How much did she have at Christmas?

3. Mrs. Boggs buys cereal in two-pound packages, paying 25 cents a package. How much does she pay for 20 pounds? (20 lb. is 10 times 2 lb.) Mrs. Beaver buys the same kind of cereal in a 10-pound sack for 60 cents. How much does she pay for 20 pounds? How much more does Mrs. Boggs pay for ten pounds than does Mrs. Beaver?

Written

1. Mrs. Harris takes her four children to the "movies" twice a week, paying ten cents admission and ten cents carfare for each member of the family. How much does she spend in that way in a year? If the family had played games at home, saved the money, and bought a Victrola for $30, how many choice records at $2.00 each could they have bought with the money that was left?

2. Dorothy is 16 years old. She needed a new coat, but found that a well-made coat of good material would cost $22.50. She wore her old coat till late in the season and then bought a suitable coat for $7.79. How much did she save by waiting?

In a western city, 3560 school children were enrolled in the Home Garden Club in one year.

3. If the sizes of their gardens averaged 2 square rods, and there are 160 square rods in an acre, how many gardens would an acre of ground make?

4. How many acres of ground were there in all the gardens?

5. If the average value of vegetables and flowers per garden was $7.39, what was the value of the produce (a) from one acre; (b) from all the gardens?

6. The Children's Market was conducted in a store down town for nine Saturdays during the season. The average sales for a Saturday were $47.93. What was the total amount of sales?

7. One girl's sales for the nine Saturdays were as follows: $2.15; $.98; $4.29; $3.17; $1.58; $3.75; $5.08; $3.45; $4.26. What was the total of her sales?

8. On one Saturday the sales were: Vegetables, $32.45; flowers, $5.16; eggs, 23 doz. at 34¢; poultry, $8.96; baked food, $9.48. What was the total for that day?

9. If a boy saves 50 cents a week for forty weeks each year during his school years in grades five to twelve, and also saves forty dollars from his earnings in each of the eight summer vacations, how much will he have to begin college with, adding $9.60 for interest earned at the bank? (For strong pupils.)

10. In September, Hazel wanted a hat that was marked $2.80. Her mother waited until November and bought it at half price. How much did she save by waiting?