Chemical Technology, Or, Chemistry in Its Applications to Arts and Manufactures: Fuel and its applicationsCharles Edward Groves, William Thorp, William Joseph Dibdin P. Blakiston, Son & Company, 1889 - Chemistry, Technical |
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Common terms and phrases
ammonia amount analyses anthracite apparatus arrangement average beehive ovens blast furnace boiler bottom bricks brown coal burning cannel cannel coal carbonic acid cent chamber charcoal charred chemical chimney coal-dust coke composition condensed contained cooling cubic feet cwts cylinder D. K. Clark diameter distillation draught dust effect employed engine escape evaporated experiments explosion fire fire-brick fire-damp fixed carbon flame flue fuel gaseous grate heating power heating surface hopper hydrogen ignition inches Iron and Steel Jour kiln lignite Marsh gas matter means meiler mixture moisture nitrogen obtained ordinary ovens oxide oxygen pass peat pipes placed portion pressure producer products of combustion proportion quantity retort seam shown in Fig side Siemens small coal smoke space specific gravity specimens steam stove substance sulphur supply tubes units upper valve vapour vertical volatile volume weight whilst wood yield
Popular passages
Page 669 - ... regenerator chequer-work is required to effect the gradual cooling of the products of combustion, and only a small portion near the top, perhaps a fourth of the whole mass, is heated uniformly to the full temperature of the flame ; the heat of the lower portion decreasing gradually downwards nearly to the bottom. Three or four times as much brickwork is thus required in the regenerators, as is equal in capacity for heat to the products of combustion. The best size and arrangement of the bricks...
Page 370 - ... of a second. It does not matter whether the mixture used is rich or weak in gas ; the rich mixture can be fired slowly and the weak one rapidly, just as may be required. The rate of ignition of the strongest possible mixture is so slow that the time of attaining complete inflammation depends on the amount of mechanical disturbance permitted.
Page 150 - In this case, it was found more expedient to use a combination of these two methods. The specimens were placed in water and allowed to remain from twelve to twenty-four hours ; they were then placed under the receiver of an air-pump and the air exhausted, the exhaustion being repeated from three to five times. The specimens were then removed and placed in boiling water and boiled for three hours. After becoming nearly cold they were again placed under the receiver of...
Page 77 - ... when projected, like the flame from a blown-out shot, into air containing coal-dust in suspension, M. Vital concluded that very fine coal dust, rich in inflammable constituents, •will take fire when raised by an explosion, and that portions are successively decomposed yielding explosive mixtures with air, whereby the fire is carried along, the intensity or violence of the burning being much influenced by the physical characters of the dust.
Page 75 - In considering the extent of the fire from the moment of the explosion it is not to be supposed that fire-damp was its only fuel ; the coal dust swept by the rush of wind and flame from the floor, roof, and walls of the works would instantly take fire and burn, if there were oxygen enough present in the air to support its combustion ; and we found the dust adhering to the faces of the pillars, props, and walls...
Page 76 - Firmininy, advanced as new the view that the deposition of crusts of light coke on the props was due to dust which had been swept up and transported to a distance by the violent current produced by the explosion and which, becoming in part inflamed, had extended and prolonged the destructive effects originated by the fire damp.
Page 280 - F., is cooled as it passes along the overhead tube, and the descending column is consequently denser and heavier than the ascending column of the same length, and continually overbalances it. The system forms, in fact, a syphon, in which the two limbs are of equal length, but the one is filled with a heavier fluid than the other. The height of...
Page 369 - ... which the gaseous mixture issues from the orifice is inappreciably less than the velocity with which the inflammation of the upper layers of burning gas is propagated to the lower and unignited layers. The rate of the propagation of the ignition in pure hydrogen was found to be 34 metres per second.
Page 76 - ... to dust which had been swept up and transported to a distance by the violent current produced by the explosion and which, becoming in part inflamed, had extended and prolonged the destructive effects originated by the fire damp. On the occasion of two explosions in 1861 M. du Souich again dwelt upon his views regarding the part played by coal dust in increasing the disastrous effects of fire-damp explosions.
Page 494 - ... of energy of the heat thus communicated ; and that a corresponding machine, or the same machine worked backwards, may be employed to produce cooling effects, requiring about the same expenditure of energy in working it to cool the same substance through a similar range of temperature. When a body is heated by such means, about...