Analytic geometry and calculus

Front Cover
Ginn and Company, 1917 - 516 pages
 

Contents

Functional notation
12
Problems
13
GRAPHS OF ALGEBRAIC FUNCTIONS 10 Equation and graph
20
Intercepts
21
Symmetry and impossible values
23
Infinite values
25
Intersection of graphs
29
Real roots of an equation
34
Problems
36
Introduction 1718 Change of origin
39
ARTICLE
40
Change of direction of axes
42
Oblique coördinates
43
Change from rectangular to oblique axes
44
Degree of the transformed equation Problems 2 3 4
45
9
46
36
47
ARTICLE PAGE
49
44
56
CHAPTER VTHE STRAIGHT LINE
57
Distance of a point from a straight line
63
CHAPTER VICERTAIN CURVES
69
PARAMETRIC REPRESENTATION
106
ARTICLE PAGE 57 The epicycloid
111
The hypocycloid
112
Problems
113
POLAR COÖRDINATES 60 Coördinate system
118
The spirals
120
The straight line
121
The circle
122
The limaçon
123
Relation between rectangular and polar coördinates
124
The conic the focus being the pole
125
Examples
126
Problems
127
CHAPTER IXSLOPES AND AREAS 68 Limits
130
Theorems on limits
132
Slope of a curve
134
Increment
135
Continuity
136
Differentiation of a polynomial
137
Sign of the derivative
138
Tangent line
140
The differential
141
Area under a curve
143
Differential of area
146
The definite integral
147
Problems
150
CHAPTER XDIFFERENTIATION OF ALGEBRAIC FUNCTIONS 82 Theorems on derivatives
154
Derivative of u
158
Formulas
161
Higher derivatives
162
ARTICLE PAGE
164
DIFFERENTIATION OF TRANSCENDENTAL
192
Limit of 1 + hh
199
CHAPTER XII INTEGRATION
222
CHAPTER XIIIAPPLICATIONS OF INTEGRATION ARTICLE PAGE 123124 Element of a definite integral
260
Area of a plane curve in Cartesian coördinates
262
Infinite limits or integrand
264
The mean value of a function
265
Attraction
283
Problems
285
SPACE GEOMETRY 139 Functions of more than one variable
300
Rectangular coördinates
301
Cylinders
303
Other surfaces
304
Surfaces of revolution
309
Projection
310
Components of a directed straight line
312
Distance between two points
313
Direction cosines
314
Angle between two straight lines
315
Direction of the normal to a plane
316
Equations of a straight line
317
Straight line passing through a known point in a given direction
318
Determination of the direction cosines of a straight line
319
Distance of a point from a plane
320
Problems on the plane and the straight line
321
ARTICLE PAGE 159 Space curves
322
Direction of space curve and element of arc
324
Tangent line and normal plane
326
CHAPTER XVPARTIAL DIFFERENTIATION 162 Partial derivatives
335
Higher partial derivatives
338
Increment and differential of a function of two variables
339
Extension to three or more variables
342
Directional derivative of a function of two variables
343
Total derivative of z with respect to x
344
The tangent plane
345
Maxima and minima
348
Exact differentials
349
Line integrals
353
Differentiation of composite functions
357
Problems
361
MULTIPLE INTEGRALS 173 Double integral with constant limits
369
Double integral with variable limits
371
Computation of a double integral
373
Double integral in polar coördinates
374
Area bounded by a plane curve
376
Moment of inertia of a plane area
377
Center of gravity of plane areas
379
Area of any surface
381
Triple integrals
385
Change of coördinates
388
Volume
389
Moment of inertia of a solid
390
Center of gravity of a solid
392
Attraction
393
Problems
394
CHAPTER XVIIINFINITE SERIES 187 Convergence
405
The comparison test for convergence
406
The ratio test for convergence
407
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
438
The integrating factor
448
The linear equation with constant coefficients
454
The general linear equation with constant coefficients
460
Solution by series
466
ANSWERS
481
INDEX
514
Copyright

Common terms and phrases

Popular passages

Page 225 - Q(x) to obtain a quotient (polynomial of the form g. ) plus a rational function (remainder divided by the divisor) in which the degree of the numerator is less than the degree of the denominator.
Page 74 - A point moves so that the sum of the squares of its distances from the sides of an equilateral triangle is constant.
Page 42 - The perpendicular bisectors of the sides of a triangle meet in a point. 12. The bisectors of the angles of a triangle meet in a point. 13. The tangents to a circle from an external point are equal. 14...
Page 288 - Squaring and adding equations (2), we have cos2a + cos2/8 + cos27 = l; (3) that is, the sum of the squares of the direction cosines of any straight line is always equal to unity.
Page 74 - Show that the locus of a point which moves so that the sum of its distances from two h'xed straight lines is constant is a straight line.
Page 383 - It is evident that the absolute value of the sum of n quantities is less than, or equal to, the sum of the absolute values of the quantities.
Page 366 - If the center of the sphere is taken as the origin of coordinates and the axis of the cone as the axis of z, it is evident from the symmetry of the solid that x = y = 0. To find z, we shall use polar coordinates, the equations of the sphere and the cone being respectively r = a and <l, = a.
Page 132 - Since y is a function of u and u is a function of x, it follows that y is ultimately a function of x.
Page 107 - The proof is left for the student. 4. The limit of the quotient of two variables is equal to the quotient of the limits of the variables, provided the limit of the divisor is not zero. Let X and Y be two variables such that Lim A
Page 336 - B = 38° 47' 13. c = 16.73, B = 84° 11', C = 48° 7' 14. a = 800.4, B = 55° 1', C = 66° 19' 15. b = 1784, A = 40° 13', B = 70° 9

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