455. The Are is the unit of land measure, and is a square whose side is 10 meters, equal to a square dekameter, or 119.6 sq. yards. 456. The Square Meter is the unit for measuring ordinary surfaces; as flooring, ceilings, etc. TABLE. 100 Sq. Millimeters, sq.mm. =1 Sq. Centimeter 457. The Stere is the unit of wood or solid measure, and is equal to a cubic meter, or .2759 cord. 458. The Cubic Meter is the unit for measuring ordinary solids; as excavations, embankments, etc. MEASURES OF CAPACITY. 459. The Liter is the unit of capacity, both of Liquid and of Dry Measures, and is a vessel whose volume is equal to a cube whose edge is one-tenth of a meter, equal to 1.05673 qt. Liquid Measure, and .9081 qt. Dry Measure. The Hectoliter is the unit in measuring liquids, grain, fruit and roots in large quantities. 1 Liter = 1 cu. decimeter = .908 quart = 1.0567 qt. cu. decimeter = 6.1022 cu. in. = .845 gill. 1 Deciliter = 1 Centileter 10 cu. centimeters = .6102 cu. in. 1 Milliliter = 1 cu. centimeter = .061 cu. in. = .338 fluid oz. =.27 fluid dr. MEASURES OF WEIGHT. 461. The Gram is the unit of weight, and equal to the weight of a cube of distilled water, the edge of which is one-hundredth of a meter, equal to 15.432 Troy grains. The Kilogram, or Kilo, is the unit of common weight in trade and is a trifle less than 2 lb. Avoirdupois. The Tonneau is used for weighing very heavy articles, and is about 204 lb. more than a common ton. 462. Units of the Common System may be readily changed to units of the Metric System by the aid of the following 1.6093 kilometers. 1 Cu. yard = .7646 cu. meter. 1 Cord = 3.625 steres. 6.4528 sq. centimet. 1 Gallon 929 sq. centimeters. 1 Bushel =.3524 hectoliter. .8361 sq. meter. 40.47 ares. 1 Sq. mile = 259 hectares. This system embraces the following: 464. PRINCIPLES.-1. Repeating a letter repeats its value. Thus, XX represents 20; CCC, 300; DD, 1000. 2. When a letter is placed after one of greater value, its value is to be added to that of the greater. Thus, VI represents 6; XV, 15; LXX, 70; DC, 600. 3. When a letter is placed before one of greater value, its value is taken from that of the greater. Thus, IV represents 4; XL, 40; CD, 400. 4. A bar (-) placed over a letter increases its value a thousand times. Thus, V represents 5000; L, 50,000; C, 100,000, etc. |