Practical Variable Speed Drives and Power ElectronicsTypical practical applications of VSDs in process control and materials handling, such as those for pumping, ventilation, conveyers, compressors and hoists are covered in detail. · Provides a fundamental understanding of the installation, operation and troubleshooting of Variable Speed Drives (VSDs) · Includes practical coverage of key topics such as troubleshooting, control wiring, operating modes, braking types, automatic restart, harmonics, electrostatic discharge and EMC/EMI issues · Essential reading for electrical engineers and those using VSDs for applications such as pumping, ventilation, conveyors and hoists in process control, materials handling and other industrial contexts |
Contents
Radio technology | 1 |
12 Fundamentals of radio operation | 2 |
121 Components of a radio link | 4 |
13 The radio spectrum and frequency allocation | 6 |
132 Single and two frequency systems | 7 |
14 Gain level attenuation and propagation | 8 |
141 Gain and loss | 9 |
142 Level | 10 |
293 Duplexers and multicouplers | 125 |
2101 Avoiding the use of waveguides? | 126 |
212 Path loss | 127 |
2123 Fade margin | 128 |
214 Multipath propagation and diversity operating | 129 |
215 Ducting and overshoot | 134 |
2152 Overshoot | 135 |
216 Duplication of equipment | 136 |
143 Attenuation | 12 |
145 Line of sight propagation path attenuation | 16 |
146 Reflections | 17 |
15 Criteria for selection of frequency bands | 18 |
152 Very high frequency VHP | 20 |
153 UHF | 22 |
154 Frequency selection | 24 |
155 Summary | 27 |
16 Modulation and demodulation | 28 |
162 Sidebands and bandwidth | 29 |
163 Amplitude modulation AM | 31 |
164 Frequency modulation FM | 34 |
165 Phase modulation PM | 37 |
167 Comparison of modulation schemes | 39 |
17 Amplifier | 40 |
110 Filters | 42 |
1101 Filter characteristics | 43 |
1102 Types of filters | 45 |
111 Transmitters | 50 |
1112 PM and FM transmitters | 51 |
112 Receivers | 52 |
1122 FM and PM receivers | 53 |
113 Antennas | 54 |
1133 Types of antennas | 57 |
1134 Antenna installation | 59 |
1135 Stacked arrays | 60 |
114 Cabling | 61 |
1141 Leaky coaxial cable | 62 |
1153 Circulators and isolators | 64 |
1154 Multicoupler and cavity filters | 65 |
1155 Duplexer | 67 |
1156 Splitters | 69 |
1157 Receiver preamplifiers | 70 |
1158 Typical configuration | 71 |
1162 RF path loss calculations | 74 |
1163 Transmitter powerreceiver sensitivity | 75 |
1164 Signal to noise ratio and SINAD | 76 |
1165 Fade margin | 77 |
1166 Summary of calculations | 78 |
117 Types and brands of radio equipment | 79 |
1172 Brands | 81 |
118 Data transmission over analog radio | 82 |
1182 Transmission limitations | 83 |
119 Regulatory licensing requirements for radio frequencies | 85 |
1202 Standby transmitters | 87 |
1212 Desensitization and blocking | 93 |
1214 Selective calling | 94 |
122 Additional features and facilities for analog radio | 95 |
1221 Trunking radio | 97 |
123 Digital modulation radio | 98 |
124 Digital radio specifically for telemetry applications | 100 |
Line of sight microwave systems | 104 |
22 Background | 105 |
224 Fiber optic cable | 106 |
24 Pointtomultipoint | 108 |
241 Theory of operation | 110 |
25 A typical radio terminal | 111 |
252 The receiver | 112 |
27 Standards | 114 |
282 Digital multiplex | 115 |
283 Voice compression | 118 |
284 Synchronous digital hierarchy | 119 |
29 Antennas and multicouplers | 121 |
291 The use of reflectors | 123 |
292 The use of passive repeaters | 124 |
2162 Hot standby | 137 |
2164 Diversity | 138 |
217 Duplication of routes | 139 |
Satellite systems | 140 |
32 Classes of satellite services and their relevant organizations | 141 |
322 Regional systems | 144 |
323 Domestic | 145 |
325 Global positioning system | 147 |
331 The satellite bands | 149 |
34 Satellite systems and equipment | 151 |
342 Multiplexing | 153 |
343 Modulation techniques | 157 |
351 Uplinks | 158 |
353 Downlinks | 159 |
36 Antennas | 160 |
38 Footprint | 161 |
Reliability and availability | 163 |
42 Reliability | 164 |
422 Manufacturing | 165 |
423 Operation | 166 |
432 Landlines | 169 |
433 Satellites | 170 |
44 SCADA system reliability or failure rates | 171 |
47 Reliability calculations | 172 |
472 Mean time between failure | 173 |
474 Comments on calculations | 174 |
Infrastructure requirements for master sites and RTUs | 175 |
52 Site works and access | 176 |
54 Lightning protection | 178 |
541 Levels of lightning protection | 181 |
542 Separating equipment and lightning | 182 |
544 Dissipation of high voltages or currents | 183 |
55 Equipment shelters and temperature management | 184 |
552 Other aspects of building design | 185 |
56 Power supplies | 186 |
562 Mains power supplies | 188 |
564 Mains power station | 189 |
565 Solar power supplies | 190 |
566 Wind generators | 191 |
567 Diesel generators | 192 |
568 Filtering dc supplies | 194 |
57 Distribution dc | 195 |
58 Monitoring site alarms | 197 |
59 Voice and data cabling distribution systems | 199 |
510 Equipment racks | 202 |
511 Interference in microwave and radio systems | 203 |
5113 Radar interference | 204 |
Integrating telemetry systems into existing radio systems | 205 |
62 Appropriate radio systems | 206 |
63 Traffic loading | 207 |
64 Implementing a system | 209 |
65 Trunking radio | 211 |
Miscellaneous telemetry systems | 212 |
721 Electromechanical cable | 213 |
722 Acoustic modem | 214 |
723 Inductive modem | 216 |
73 Physiological telemetry application | 218 |
74 Tag identification system using modulated UHF backscatter | 220 |
Practical system examples | 224 |
82 Remote oceanographic sensor system The problem | 226 |
Glossary of terms | 231 |
Path loss calculation formulae | 254 |
Index | 272 |
284 | |
Other editions - View all
Common terms and phrases
acceleration allow antenna applications band base bits braking cable calculated called carrier channel circuit communications components connected constant continuous converter depends device diode direction earth effect electrical electronic energy equipment example factor field Figure filter frequency harmonic higher increases induction motor input installed interference inverter limit load losses machine manufacturers maximum measurement mechanical method modulation motor noise normally operating output pass path performance period phase position possible power supply practice problem produce protection radio range rated receiver rectifier reduced referred resistance result rotating rotor satellite selection signal standard starting station stator supply switching telemetry temperature terminal thyristor torque transmission transmitter typical unit usually variable speed drives voltage wave wind