BY DANIEL W. FISH, A.M., EDITOR OF ROBINSON'S SERIES OF PROGRESSIVE ARITHMETICS. IVISON, BLAKEMAN, TAYLOR & CO., NEW YORK AND CHICAGO. 1875. ROBINSON'S SHORTER COURSE. FIRST BOOK IN ARITHMETIC. PRIMARY. COMPLETE ALGEBRA. ARITHMETICAL PROBLEMS. ORAL and WRITTEN. ALGEBRAIC PROBLEMS. KEYS to COMPLETE ARITHMETIC and PROBLEMS, and Arithmetic, ORAL and WRITTEN, usually taught *This COMPLETE ARITHMETIC is also published in TWO VOLUMES. PART I. Copyright, 1874, by DANIEL W. FISH. Electrotyped by STH & MCDO HARVARD 82 Beekman St., N. Y. PREFACE AR RITHMETIC has been defined as “the science of numbers, and the art of computing by means of them." It embraces, 1st. The mode of representing numbers by figures and signs, in accordance with an accepted system; 2d. The principles and methods of their combination in addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division; and, 3d. The application of these principles and methods to the solution of practical problems. Primary Arithmetic can do little more than put the pupil in possession of the alphabet of numbers, and make him familiar with the various tables, securing readiness and accuracy in their use, and neatness and skill in written exercises upon them. In this book, the object has been to secure this end by easy, gradual, and rational steps, and in such a familiar manner, as to avoid the drudgery of memorizing the abstract tables, and at the same time inspire intelligent thought in regard to the more simple processes that involve the use of numbers. The plan of this book is unique, and it is believed that it will supply a want long felt by primary-school teachers. The natural and orderly development of the subject, the systematic arrangement, the copious illustrative exercises, and the provision for exhaustive drill exercises, cannot fail to meet the views of the most thorough and exacting teacher, and, at the same time, interest and attract the pupil. The first seventeen lessons are intended to present the numbers from one to ten, inclusive, as numbers, in such manner that each of them shall be intelligently apprehended, not merely as a name, but as an IDEA-what it is, how it is represented, and what is its value relative to each of the others. |