The Materials of Engineering, Part 1

Front Cover
 

Contents

Hardness of StonesResistance to Abrasion II
11
Transverse StrengthFactor of Safety
13
Effect of Heat
15
Artificial Stones
16
Tests of Good BrickTransverse StrengthResistance to CrushingSizes of Bricks
17
FireBrickStrength and Composition of FireBrick
19
Measurement of Masonry
36
ShrinkageSeasoning in OilAlteration of Section
42
Qualities of Pine Timber
52
White Spruce
59
Beech
65
ART PAGE 90 CamphorWood
73
Lancewood
74
CHAPTER III
76
Limit of Elasticity
77
Permanent Set
78
Experiments of Chevandier and Wertheim
79
Hickory
80
Tensile Strength of Timber
81
Resistance to CrushingFormula for Resistance
83
Long Pillars
85
Mahogany
86
Mill Columns
88
Shearing ResistanceValues of the Modulus
90
Resistance to CrossBreaking
92
Position of the Neutral Axis
94
Values of the Modulus of Rupture
95
Formula of RuptureForm of Beams
96
Stiffness of Beams
98
ART PAGE 121 Forms of Section of BeamsStiffest Rectangular Beams Beams Loaded at one End and Fixed at Other 100
100
Resistance to TorsionAngle of TorsionModulus of Elastic Resistance to TorsionFormula for Resist ance to Torsion
103
Character of Rupture by Torsion
104
45
107
StrainDiagrams of Woods
109
Characteristics of StrainDiagrams III
111
Wertheims Experiments
113
Effects of Prolonged Stress
114
Results of Tests
116
Comparison of Results
117
Conclusions
118
Special Values
119
Markings of Woods
121
Color of Woods
122
Carpentry
123
Joints
124
Marine AnimalsTeredo NavalisLimnoria Terebrans
125
Pins Nails Screws
126
Glues
129
Preservation of Timber
130
CharringChemical Applications
135
Processes of SaturationMethods in UseUse of Metal lic Salts
136
Burnettizing
137
Seelys Leachs Robbins Hayfords
138
Boucheries Process
142
Beers Processes
144
Statistics of Wood Preservation
145
Comparison of Processes
147
Table of Adaptations of Woods
152
CHAPTER IV
154
Temperature of the Fire
156
Value of Fuels
162
Peculiar Conditions of Use
164
Temperature of Furnace Gases
167

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Page 240 - C.) to the weight of an equal volume of distilled water at the same temperature, both weights being corrected for the buoyancy of air.
Page 337 - CGS units of electromotive force ; and the " farad " is approximately --- of the CGS unit of capacity. For the expression of high decimal multiples and sub-multiples, we recommend the system introduced by Mr. Stoney, a system which has already been extensively employed for electrical purposes. It consists in denoting the exponent of the power of 10, which serves as...
Page 257 - Now, start the machine again and run until the behavior of the oil is determined, keeping up a free feed throughout the experiment. At intervals of one or more minutes, as may prove most satisfactory, observe and record the temperature given by the thermometer Q Q', and the reading indicated on the arc P1 of the machine by the pointer 0.
Page 29 - STONES. This class covers all stones which are used as they come from the quarry, without other preparation than the removal of very acute angles and excessive projections from the general figure. The term
Page 191 - ... effect. In melting one ton of steel in pots, 2^ tons of coke are consumed ; and, taking the melting point of steel at 3600° F...
Page 336 - ... and the second, as against the gramme, the centimetre, and the second ; the former combination having an advantage as regards the simplicity of the name metre, while the latter combination has the advantage of making the unit of mass practically identical with the mass of unit volume of water ; in other words of making the value of the density of water practically equal to unity. We are now all but unanimous in regarding this latter element of simplicity as the more important of the two ; and...
Page 29 - Three subdivisions of this class may be made, depending on the character of the face of the stones: (a) Quarry-faced stones are those whose faces are left untouched as they come from the quarry. (b) Pitch-faced stones are those on which the arris is clearly defined by a line beyond which the rock is cut away by the pitching chisel, so as to give edges that are approximately true.
Page 154 - The Heating Power of any Fuel is determined by calculating its total heat of combustion. This quantity is the sum of the amounts of heat generated by the combustion of the unoxidized carbon and hydrogen contained in the fuel, less the heat required in the evaporation and volatilization of constituents which become gaseous at the temperature resulting from the combustion of the first-named elements. It is measured in
Page 228 - The best mineral oil for light bearings and high velocities has a density of '871, and a flashing point of 262° C. (8) Mineral oils alone are not suited for very heavy machinery, on account of their want of body, but well purified animal oils are applicable to the heaviest machinery. (9) Olive oil stands first among vegetable oils, as it can be purified without the aid of mineral acids. The other vegetable oils which, though far inferior to olive oil, are admissible as lubricants are — in their...
Page 228 - ... other conditions, is the best for all light bearings at high speeds. (4) The best oil is that which has the greatest adhesion to metallic surfaces, and the least cohesion in its own particles ; in this respect fine mineral oils...

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