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alliance allies Alps Anjou army attack Austrians battle became began called Cardinal cause century Charles Church citizens conquest Cosimo Council Count crown death declared defeated died dominions Duchy of Milan Duke of Milan Duke of Savoy Emperor Emperor-elect Empire enemy favour Ferrara Florence Florentines forced Francesco Francesco Sforza Frederic freedom French gained Garibaldi gave Genoa Genoese German Ghibelin Gian-Galeazzo Gonfaloniere Gregory Guelfic Guelfs Henry hopes Imperial Italian Italy King Ferdinand King of France kingdom kingdom of Naples land League Lewis Lodovico Lodovico Sforza Lombard lord Lorenzo Louis Lucca Marquess Marquess of Montferrat Medici Modena Naples nobles Otto Papacy Papal Parma party Pavia peace Philip Piacenza Piero Pisa Pisans political Pope Pope's Prince prisoner received reign Republic republican revolt Romagna Romans Rome Sardinia sent Sforza Sicily Siena soldiers soon Spain Spaniards succeeded Swiss territory took the title Treaty troops Tuscany upheld Venetians Venice Victor Emmanuel Visconti