A System of Chemistry, Volume 4Bell & Bradfute; sold by J. Murray, London, 1810 - Chemistry |
Contents
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Common terms and phrases
acetate alcohol alkali alumina ammonia analysed antimony ascertained atmosphere azotic barometer barytes Beitrage blow-pipe blows blue Book borax Brittle brown carbonic acid Chap Chim Colour common composed conchoidal contains copper cross fracture crystals dissolved dryness earth evaporation felspar floetz foliated following Table formation four-sided Frangibility Gehlen's Jour GENUS grains granular distinct concretions green greenish grey greyish Hauy heat hitherto hornblende Ibid inches Internal lustre Kirwan Klaproth latitude lime-stone magnesia Massive melts mercury metallic mineral waters mixed muriatic acid nitrate nitric acid occurs octahedron Opaque oxide oxide of iron oxygen Phil porphyry potash precipitate primitive form prisms proportion quantity quartz rain rocks salt Sectile sharp-edged silica silver six-sided slaty soda Soft solution sometimes Specific gravity splintery stone Streak strontian Subspecies substances sugar sulphate of lime sulphureted sulphuric acid surface temperature tion Trans Transparency vapour Vauquelin veins weight Werner winds yellow yellowish
Popular passages
Page 102 - ... and north-east winds blow very seldom. The south-east wind blows in most months of the year, but chiefly from October to April ; the north-west prevails during the other six months, bringing along with it rain, and tempests, and hurricanes. Between the Cape of Good Hope and New Holland the winds are commonly westerly, and blow in the following order: north-west, south-west, west, north *. In the Great South Sea, from latitude 30° to 40° south, the south-east...
Page 103 - ... are commonly westerly ; and that they blow in the following order : northwest, south-west, west. Such is the present state of the history of the direction of the winds. In the torrid zone they blow constantly from the northeast on the north side of the equator, and from the south-east on the south side of it.
Page 113 - I formed an idea of the course of the storm, which I will explain by a familiar instance. I suppose a long canal of water stopped at the end by a gate. The water is at rest till the gate is opened ; then it begins to move out through the gate, and the water next the gate is first in motion, and moves on towards the gate ; and so on successively, till the water at the head of the canal is in motion, which it is last of all...
Page 110 - ... would have continued the whole year. As the sun approaches the tropic of Capricorn, it becomes almost perpendicular to New Holland : that continent is heated in its turn, the air over it is rarefied, and colder air rushes in from the north and west to supply its place. This is the cause of the northwest monsoon, which blows from October to April from the 3d to the 10th degree of south latitude.
Page 54 - As the sine of the sun's mean altitude in April is to the mean heat of April, so is the sine of the sun's mean altitude in May to the mean heat of May. In the same manner the mean heats of June, July, and August, are found ; but the rule would give the temperature of the succeeding months too low, because it does not take in the heat derived from the earth, which possesses a degree of heat nearly equal to the mean annual temperature. The real temperature of these months therefore must be looked upon...
Page 69 - Kirwan, and others. 1. The evaporation is confined entirely to the surface of the water ; hence it is in all cases proportional to the surface of the water exposed to the atmosphere. Much more vapour of course rises in maritime countries, or those interspersed with lakes, than in inland countries. 2. Much more vapour rises during hot weather than during cold weather- Hence, the quantity evaporated depends in some measure upon temperature.
Page 535 - ... rest upon this first; a third upon the second, and so on. Now, though the rocks do not in reality extend round the earth in this uninterrupted manner; though, partly from the inequality of the nucleus on which they rest, partly from their own inequality of thickness in different places, and partly from other causes, the continuity is often interrupted; yet still we...
Page 535 - Werner has therefore chosen this relative situation as the basis of his classification of rocks. He divides them into five Classes. The first Class consists of those rocks which, if we were to suppose each layer to be extended over the whole earth, would in that case lie lowest, or nearest the centre of all the rocks •which we know, and be covered by all the other "rocks.
Page 77 - ... down through the three feet of earth, and ran out through the lower pipe. A. rain-gauge of the same diameter was kept close by, to find the quantity of rain for any corresponding time.