Operative Masonry: Or, A Theoretical and Practical Treatise of Building; Containing a Scientific Account of Stones, Clays, Bricks, Mortars, Cements, &c.; a Description of Their Component Parts, with the Manner of Preparing and Using Them. The Fundamental Rules in Geometry, on Masonry and Stone-cutting, with Their Application to Practice. Illustrated with Forty Copper-plate Engravings

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Marsh, Capen & Lyon, 1832 - Architecture - 140 pages
 

Contents

I
7
II
45
III
61
IV
4
V
121

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Page 62 - To make a triangle of which the sides shall be equal to three given straight lines, but any two whatever of these must be greater than the third (20.
Page 62 - When you have proved that the three angles of every triangle are equal to two right angles...
Page 28 - ... or even siliceous. When siliceous, the mineral often much resembles quartz. The texture of some sandstones is very close, while that of others is so loose and porous as to admit the passage of water. Sometimes, indeed, this rock is vesicular. Some varieties are so solid as to give fire with steel, while others are friable, and may be reduced to powder even by the fingers. Its fracture is always granular or earthy, although it may be at the same time conchoidal or splintery.
Page 62 - ... sum of the angles at the base ABC, ACB, to the tangent of half their difference. About A as a centre, with AB the greater side for a distance, let a circle be described, meeting AC, produced in E, F, and BC in D ; join DA, EB, FB ; and draw FG parallel to BC, meeting EB in G. The angle EAB (32. 1.) is equal to the sum of the angles at the base, and the angle EFB at the circumference is equal to the half of EAB at the centre (20. 3.); therefore EFB is half the sum of the angles at the base ; but...
Page 57 - ... thereof, an equal measure of powdered terras is to be used ; and, if the sand employed be not of the coarsest sort, more terras must be added, so that the terras shall be one-sixth part of the weight of the sand.
Page 131 - ... but, as these did not correspond in thickness, the exterior and interior surface of the wall would not be otherwise connected together than by an outside heading brick, here and there continued of its whole length ; but, as the work does not admit of this at all times, from the want of agreement in the exterior and interior courses, these headers can be introduced only where such a correspondence takes place, which, sometimes, may not occur for a considerable space.
Page 131 - Dutch fashions, and the workmen are so infatuated with it, that there is now scarcely an instance of the old English bond to be seen. The frequent splitting of walls into two thicknesses has been attributed to the Flemish bond alone, and various methods have been adopted for its prevention. Some have laid laths or slips...
Page 131 - The outer appearance is all that can be urged in favour of Flemish Bond, and many are of opinion that, were the English mode executed with the same attention and neatness that is bestowed on the Flemish, it would be considered as equally handsome ; and its adoption, in preference, has been strenuously recommended. In forming English Bond, the following rules are to be observed : 1st, Each course is to be formed of headers and stretchers alternately.
Page 9 - P' R' are right angles ; therefore the triangle v' P' R' is equal to the triangle m' P' S', and the remaining angles of the one equal to the remaining angles of the other, each to each ; hence the angle P' v' R' is equal to the angle P'm'S'. Again, because O' /
Page 56 - Let the lime be slacked, by plunging it into a butt filled with soft water, and raising it out quickly, and suffering it to heat and fume, and, by repeating this plunging and raising alternately, and agitating the lime until it be made to pass through the sieve into the water ; and let the part of the lime which does not easily pass through the sieve be rejected ; and let fresh portions of the lime be thus used, until as many ounces of lime have passed through the sieve as there are quarts of water...

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