Questioned Documents: A Lawyer's HandbookQuestioned documents are any documents that may be used as evidence in a trial, ranging from handwritten notes to counterfeit currency to contracts. This concise new handbook is designed specifically to aid lawyers involved in cases that involve questioned documents (QD) evidence. It explains the basics of document examination and helps litigators improve the way they present document evidence and question witnesses. It also provides references to professional literature and other legal sources, making it easy to find further information when needed. Questioned Documents: A Lawyer's Handbook provides analyses applied to many types of investigations and types of documents. It outlines the techniques for determining authenticity, age, ink and paper sources, handwriting identification, equipment used, forgeries, alterations, erasures, and more. In addition to helping the attorneys who mush present the QD evidence and ask the questions, this handbook is also an important resource for the expert witnesses who will be asked those questions at trial. Key Features * Explains the basics of document examination and shows how they apply to a variety of cases * Helps litigators improve the way they present document evidence and interrogate witnesses * Saves hours in pre-trial interviews by providing lawyers with the a thorough knowledge of the topic * Presents case examples from the US, UK, The Netherlands, Germany, Nepal, Israel, Jordan, Russia, Romania and more * Includes actual questions that can be asked of expert witnesses * Provides an extensive list of references and research suggestions * Helps document examiners learn about the application of their expertise in the courtroom, and what to expect when questioned by attorneys |
Contents
INTRODUCTION | 1 |
HANDWRITING | 27 |
TYPEWRITERS | 59 |
PRINTERS | 81 |
OTHER OFFICE MACHINES | 89 |
CACHETS AND SEALS | 95 |
PRINTING | 97 |
DOCUMENT COPYING | 103 |
OFFICE SUPPLIES | 143 |
FINGERPRINTS ON DOCUMENTS | 147 |
EXAMINATION EQUIPMENT | 153 |
EXAMPLES OF MATERIALS TO BE EXAMINED | 161 |
COURTROOM TESTIMONY SAMPLE QUESTIONS | 183 |
LATIN CHARACTER TYPEFONT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMS | 191 |
ARABIC CHARACTER TYPEFONTS | 201 |
HEBREW CHARACTER TYPEFONTS | 203 |
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Common terms and phrases
ABFDE American Society annual meeting Arabic Association of Forensic authentic ball-point basic BIBLIOGRAPHY cachet character checkwriter chemical class characteristics color common companies computer printers conclusion copy counterfeit court courtroom currency cyanoacrylate determine develop Documents Laboratory dot matrix printer erased erasure ESDA example expert witness fibers fingerprints fonts Forensic Document Examiners Forensic Science Society forgery fountain pen genuine graphology grid handwriting handwriting examination Hebrew identification indentation ink jet Israel Police Journal of Forensic Latin alphabet letters Levinson machine manufacture material method ninhydrin notes opinion Ordway Paper presented particularly passport pencil person photocopy photograph Pica pins plate possible printers printing problem produced professional Questioned Document Examiners qwertzuiopü ribbon script Selectric serial numbers sheet signature Society of Questioned specific specimens standard tape testimony toner typefont United usually watermark Wratten filters writing written YXCVBNM